Eadie P A, Williams R, Dickson W A
Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic Surgery, St. Lawrence Hospital, Chepstow, UK.
Br J Plast Surg. 1995 Mar;48(2):103-5. doi: 10.1016/0007-1226(95)90105-1.
All paediatric scalds admitted in 1991 to the Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery have been analysed retrospectively and the results compared with similar studies from this centre reported in 1956 and 1984. This data was compared with similar reports from 6 other world-wide centres. Despite a modest population increase in Wales, the number of admissions has increased almost 50% in 35 years. Boys are more commonly affected and up to 67% of scalds occur in children under 2 years of age. The number of scalds from teapots has fallen from 20.8% to 2.7%, in contrast to scalds from cups of hot liquid which have increased from 8.9% to 42.5% over the 35-year period. Scalds from hot baths are rare in Holland and Denmark, in contrast to a 15.8% incidence in our centre. Hot kettles are a common cause of scalds, accounting for up to 28% of scalds in all the series reviewed. The incidence of this injury has not decreased over the last 35 years. Recommendations are made about improved health and safety education for parents, the use of coiled kettle flexes, the temperature of stored water which should not exceed 60 degrees C, and the fitting of thermostatic mixer taps to new houses and institutions, in an effort to decrease the incidence of paediatric scalds.
对1991年收治入威尔士烧伤与整形外科中心的所有儿童烫伤病例进行了回顾性分析，并将结果与该中心1956年和1984年报告的类似研究结果进行了比较。还将这些数据与全球其他6个中心的类似报告进行了对比。尽管威尔士人口略有增长，但35年间入院人数几乎增加了50%。男孩更容易受到影响，高达67%的烫伤发生在2岁以下儿童中。茶壶造成的烫伤比例从20.8%降至2.7%，相比之下，在这35年期间，热液体杯造成的烫伤比例从8.9%增至42.5%。在荷兰和丹麦，热水浴造成的烫伤很少见，而在我们中心这一比例为15.8%。热水壶是烫伤的常见原因，在所有回顾的系列病例中，占烫伤病例的比例高达28%。在过去35年里，这种伤害的发生率并未下降。针对如何加强对家长的健康与安全教育、使用带盘绕的水壶电线、储存水的温度不应超过60摄氏度以及在新房和机构中安装恒温混合水龙头等方面提出了建议，以努力降低儿童烫伤的发生率。
