CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2018 Aug 13;47(16):6296-6341. doi: 10.1039/c8cs00255j.
Two-dimensional layered materials (2DLMs) have attracted a tremendous amount of attention as photodetectors due to their fascinating features, including high potentials in new-generation electronic devices, wide coverage of bandgaps, ability to construct van der Waals heterostructures, extraordinary light-mass interaction, strong mechanical flexibility, and the capability of enabling synthesis of 2D nonlayered materials. Until now, most attention has been focused on the well-known graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). However, a growing number of functional materials (more than 5619) with novel optoelectronic and electronic properties are being re-discovered, thereby widening the horizon of 2D libraries. In addition to showing common features of 2DLMs, these new 2D members may bring new opportunities to their well-known analogues, like wider bandgap coverage, direct bandgaps independence with thickness, higher mechanical flexibility, and new photoresponse phenomena. The impressive results communicated so far testify that they have shown high potentials with photodetections covering THz, IR, visible, and UV ranges with comparable or even higher performances than well-known TMDs. Here, we give a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art photodetections of two-dimensional materials beyond graphene and TMDs. The review is organized as follows: fundamentals of photoresponse first are discussed, followed by detailed photodetections of new 2D members including both layered and non-layered ones. After that, photodiodes and hybrid structures based on these new 2D materials are summarized. Then, the integration of these 2D materials with flexible substrates is reviewed. Finally, we conclude with the current research status of this area and offer our perspectives on future developments. We hope that, through reading this manuscript, readers will quickly have a comprehensive view on this research area.
二维层状材料（2DLMs）由于其迷人的特性，如在新一代电子设备中具有高潜力、宽能带隙覆盖范围、构建范德华异质结的能力、非凡的光-质量相互作用、强大的机械柔韧性以及能够合成二维非层状材料等，引起了极大的关注。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在著名的石墨烯和过渡金属二硫属化物（TMDs）上。然而，越来越多具有新型光电和电子特性的功能材料（超过 5619 种）被重新发现，从而拓宽了 2D 材料库的视野。除了表现出 2DLMs 的共同特征外，这些新的 2D 成员可能会为它们著名的类似物带来新的机遇，例如更宽的能带隙覆盖范围、与厚度无关的直接能带隙、更高的机械柔韧性和新的光响应现象。迄今为止传达的令人印象深刻的结果证明，它们在包括太赫兹、红外、可见和紫外范围在内的光电检测方面具有很高的潜力，性能可与著名的 TMDs 相媲美，甚至更高。在这里，我们全面回顾了超越石墨烯和 TMDs 的二维材料的最新光电检测进展。综述内容组织如下：首先讨论了光响应的基本原理，然后详细介绍了包括层状和非层状在内的新 2D 成员的光电检测。之后，总结了基于这些新二维材料的光电二极管和混合结构。接着，综述了这些二维材料与柔性衬底的集成。最后，我们总结了该领域的当前研究现状，并对未来的发展提出了看法。我们希望通过阅读本文，读者能够快速全面地了解这一研究领域。
