Timmer Kalinka, Calabria Marco, Branzi Francesca M, Baus Cristina, Costa Albert
Center for Brain and Cognition, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.
Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jun 22;9:1032. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01032. eCollection 2018.
Bilingual speakers are suggested to use control processes to avoid linguistic interference from the unintended language. It is debated whether these bilingual language control (BLC) processes are an instantiation of the more domain-general executive control (EC) processes. Previous studies inconsistently report correlations between measures of linguistic and non-linguistic control in bilinguals. In the present study, we investigate the extent to which there is cross-talk between these two domains of control for two switch costs, namely the and . Also, we address an important problem, namely the reliability of the measures used to investigate cross-talk. If the reliability of a measure is low, then these measures are ill-suited to test cross-talk between domains through correlations. We asked participants to perform both a linguistic- and non-linguistic switching task at two sessions about a week apart. The results show a dissociation between the two types of switch costs. Regarding test-retest reliability, we found a stronger reliability for the compared to the within both domains as measured by correlations across sessions. This suggests the is more suitable to explore cross-talk of BLC and EC. Next, we do find cross-talk for the as demonstrated by a significant cross-domain correlation. This suggests that there are at least some shared processes in the linguistic and non-linguistic task.
双语者被建议使用控制过程来避免来自非预期语言的语言干扰。关于这些双语语言控制（BLC）过程是否是更具领域一般性的执行控制（EC）过程的一种实例，存在争议。先前的研究对双语者语言和非语言控制测量之间的相关性报告不一。在本研究中，我们调查了这两个控制领域在两种切换成本（即 和 ）方面相互干扰的程度。此外，我们解决了一个重要问题，即用于研究相互干扰的测量方法的可靠性。如果一种测量方法的可靠性较低，那么这些方法就不太适合通过相关性来测试不同领域之间的相互干扰。我们要求参与者在相隔约一周的两个时间段内分别执行语言和非语言切换任务。结果显示两种类型的切换成本之间存在分离。关于重测信度，我们发现，通过跨时间段的相关性测量，在两个领域内， 比 具有更强的信度。这表明 更适合探索BLC和EC的相互干扰。接下来，正如显著的跨领域相关性所表明的，我们确实发现了 存在相互干扰。这表明在语言和非语言任务中至少存在一些共享过程。
