Department of Health Protection, THL - National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland.
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland.
Environ Int. 2018 Oct;119:287-294. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.034. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
Road-traffic noise can induce stress, which may contribute to mental health disorders. Mental health problems have not received much attention in noise research. People perceive noise differently, which may affect the extent to which noise contributes to poor mental health at the individual level. This paper aims to assess the relationships between outdoor traffic noise and noise annoyance and the use of psychotropic medication.
We conducted a survey to assess noise annoyance and psychotropic medication among residents of the Helsinki Capital Region of Finland. We also assessed the associations of annoyance and road-traffic noise with sleep disorders, anxiety and depression. Respondents were randomly sampled from the Finnish Population registry, and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Outdoor traffic noise was modelled using the Nordic prediction model. Associations between annoyance and modelled façade-noise levels with mental health outcome indicators were assessed using a binary logistic regression while controlling for socioeconomic, lifestyle and exposure-related factors.
A total of 7321 respondents returned completed questionnaires. Among the study respondents, 15%, 7% and 7% used sleep medication, anxiolytic and antidepressant medications, respectively, in the year preceding the study. Noise annoyance was associated with anxiolytic drug use, OR = 1.41 (95% CI: 1.02-1.95), but not with sedative or antidepressant use. There was suggestive association between modelled noise at levels higher than 60 dB and anxiolytic or antidepressant use. In respondents whose bedroom windows faced the street, modelled noise was definitively associated with antidepressant use. Noise sensitivity did not modify the effect of noise but was associated with an increased use of psychotropic medication.
We observed suggestive associations between high levels of road-traffic noise and psychotropic medication use. Noise sensitivity was associated with psychotropic medication use.
道路交通噪声会引起压力，而这可能导致心理健康障碍。在噪声研究中，心理健康问题并未受到太多关注。人们对噪声的感知存在差异，这可能会影响噪声在个体层面导致心理健康状况不佳的程度。本文旨在评估户外交通噪声和噪声烦恼与使用精神药物之间的关系。
我们对芬兰首都地区的居民进行了一项调查，以评估噪声烦恼和精神药物的使用情况。我们还评估了烦恼和道路交通噪声与睡眠障碍、焦虑和抑郁之间的关系。受访者是从芬兰人口登记处随机抽取的，数据是通过自我管理问卷收集的。户外交通噪声使用北欧预测模型进行建模。使用二元逻辑回归评估烦恼和建模的立面上的噪声水平与心理健康结果指标之间的关联，同时控制社会经济、生活方式和暴露相关因素。
共有 7321 名受访者返回了完整的问卷。在研究参与者中，15%、7%和 7%分别在研究前一年使用过睡眠药物、抗焦虑药物和抗抑郁药物。噪声烦恼与使用抗焦虑药物有关，OR=1.41（95%CI：1.02-1.95），但与使用镇静剂或抗抑郁药物无关。在噪声水平高于 60dB 的模型中，存在与使用抗焦虑或抗抑郁药物的暗示性关联。在卧室窗户朝向街道的受访者中，模型噪声与使用抗抑郁药物有明确的关联。噪声敏感性并没有改变噪声的影响，但与精神药物的使用增加有关。
我们观察到高水平的道路交通噪声与使用精神药物之间存在暗示性关联。噪声敏感性与精神药物的使用有关。
