Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Obes Facts. 2018;11(4):277-286. doi: 10.1159/000489787. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
We investigated how individuals with normal weight (NW) versus individuals with obesity (OB) visually explore human bodies varying in BMI.
16 OB (BMI 37.5 ± 7.7 kg/m²) and 35 NW (BMI 21.5 ± 1.6 kg/m²) visually explored 35 natural photographs and 25 avatars depicting male and female bodies ranging from normal weight to obesity. Gaze behaviour was assessed using eye tracking technology. Additionally, participants rated the attractiveness of all body stimuli.
A comparison of the displayed gaze behaviour shown by both participant weight classes indicates that regarding visual stimuli of obese natural bodies, all participants (OB + NW) looked at the waist longer, whereas regarding visual stimuli of normal-weight bodies, all participants viewed the head longer. Overall, OB spent less time looking at the bodies than NW. All participants rated normal-weight bodies as more attractive than obese bodies. However, the NW sample rated the depicted obese bodies as even less attractive than the OB sample did.
The BMI of the explored body, but not the observer's BMI, produces differences in the visual exploration of human bodies. The displayed exploration pattern of obese bodies can cautiously be interpreted as a 'de-individualised' and 'obesity-focused' perception. This tendency may prove in close relationship with the negative cultural views on obesity.
我们研究了体重正常（NW）的个体与肥胖（OB）的个体如何通过视觉来探索 BMI 不同的人体。
16 名 OB（BMI 37.5±7.7kg/m²）和 35 名 NW（BMI 21.5±1.6kg/m²）分别对 35 张自然人体照片和 25 张描绘男女从正常体重到肥胖体型的虚拟形象照片进行了视觉探索。使用眼动追踪技术评估了注视行为。此外，参与者还对所有身体刺激物的吸引力进行了评分。
对两个体重组的注视行为进行比较表明，在观察肥胖自然体型的视觉刺激时，所有参与者（OB+NW）都注视腰部的时间更长，而在观察正常体重体型的视觉刺激时，所有参与者都注视头部的时间更长。总体而言，OB 看身体的时间比 NW 少。所有参与者都认为正常体重的身体比肥胖的身体更有吸引力。然而，NW 组对所描绘的肥胖体型的评价甚至比 OB 组更低。
被探索的身体的 BMI 而不是观察者的 BMI 会导致对人体的视觉探索产生差异。对肥胖体型的展示探索模式可以谨慎地解释为“去个体化”和“肥胖焦点”的感知。这种趋势可能与对肥胖的负面文化观点密切相关。
