Koo Hyunmin, Hakim Joseph A, Morrow Casey D, Crowley Michael R, Andersen Dale T, Bej Asim K
Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Life (Basel). 2018 Jul 11;8(3):29. doi: 10.3390/life8030029.
This study describes microbial community compositions, and various cold-responsive stress genes, encompassing cold-induced proteins (CIPs) and cold-associated general stress-responsive proteins (CASPs) in selected Antarctic lake water, sediment, and soil metagenomes. Overall, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the major taxa in all metagenomes. and were highly abundant in waters, while , , and were dominant in the soil and lake sediment metagenomes. Among CIPs, genes necessary for DNA replication, translation initiation, and transcription termination were highly abundant in all metagenomes. However, genes for fatty acid desaturase (FAD) and trehalose synthase (TS) were common in the soil and lake sediment metagenomes. Interestingly, the Lake Untersee water and sediment metagenome samples contained histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) and all genes for CIPs. As for the CASPs, high abundances of a wide range of genes for cryo- and osmo-protectants (glutamate, glycine, choline, and betaine) were identified in all metagenomes. However, genes for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis were dominant in Lake Untersee water, sediment, and other soil metagenomes. The results from this study indicate that although diverse microbial communities are present in various metagenomes, they share common cold-responsive stress genes necessary for their survival and sustenance in the extreme Antarctic conditions.
本研究描述了在选定的南极湖水、沉积物和土壤宏基因组中的微生物群落组成以及各种冷响应应激基因，包括冷诱导蛋白（CIPs）和冷相关的一般应激反应蛋白（CASPs）。总体而言，变形菌门和拟杆菌门是所有宏基因组中的主要分类群。[此处原文缺失两个分类群名称]在水中含量极高，而[此处原文缺失四个分类群名称]在土壤和湖泊沉积物宏基因组中占主导地位。在CIPs中，DNA复制、翻译起始和转录终止所需的基因在所有宏基因组中含量都很高。然而，脂肪酸去饱和酶（FAD）和海藻糖合酶（TS）的基因在土壤和湖泊沉积物宏基因组中很常见。有趣的是，翁特湖的水和沉积物宏基因组样本中含有类组蛋白核仁结构蛋白（H-NS）和所有CIPs基因。至于CASPs，在所有宏基因组中都鉴定出了大量与低温和渗透保护剂（谷氨酸、甘氨酸、胆碱和甜菜碱）相关的基因。然而，胞外多糖生物合成基因在翁特湖的水、沉积物和其他土壤宏基因组中占主导地位。这项研究的结果表明，尽管在各种宏基因组中存在不同的微生物群落，但它们共享在极端南极条件下生存和维持所必需的常见冷响应应激基因。
