Department of Otolaryngology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2018 Nov;8(11):1349-1355. doi: 10.1002/alr.22182. Epub 2018 Jul 12.
According to epidemiologic studies, fine particulate matter (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm, PM2.5) is closely associated with increases in the incidence and severity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, the role of PM2.5 in the pathophysiology of CRS remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of PM2.5 on nasal cilia, tissue remodeling, and mucus hypersecretion in a rabbit model of CRS.
CRS rabbits were exposed to ambient PM2.5 via a PM2.5 inhalation exposure system. The degree of ciliary damage was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Histopathologic changes were determined using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining of goblet cells and Masson trichrome (MT) staining for collagen in the nasal mucosa. MUC5AC expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry.
PM2.5 exposure substantially aggravated ciliary disruption in rabbits with CRS. PM2.5 also significantly increased goblet cell hyperplasia and collagen deposition, as reflected by PAS and MT staining. The nasal mucosa of CRS rabbits displayed markedly elevated MUC5AC expression after PM2.5 exposure.
Increases in ciliary disruption, nasal remodeling, and mucus hypersecretion may be the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the PM2.5-induced aggravation of CRS.
根据流行病学研究，细颗粒物（颗粒物≤2.5μm，PM2.5）与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）发病率和严重程度的增加密切相关。然而，PM2.5 在 CRS 病理生理学中的作用在很大程度上尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们研究了 PM2.5 对 CRS 兔模型中鼻纤毛、组织重塑和黏液高分泌的影响。
通过 PM2.5 吸入暴露系统使 CRS 兔暴露于环境 PM2.5 中。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）评估纤毛损伤程度。通过过碘酸希夫（PAS）染色对杯状细胞和鼻黏膜内的马松三色（MT）染色来确定组织病理变化。通过免疫组织化学评估 MUC5AC 的表达。
PM2.5 暴露使 CRS 兔的纤毛破坏明显加重。PM2.5 还显著增加了杯状细胞增生和胶原沉积，PAS 和 MT 染色反映了这一点。PM2.5 暴露后，CRS 兔的鼻黏膜中 MUC5AC 的表达明显升高。
纤毛破坏、鼻重塑和黏液高分泌的增加可能是 PM2.5 加重 CRS 的病理生理机制。
