Larson Jessyka N, Brusseau Timothy A, Wengreen Heidi, Fairclough Stuart J, Newton Maria M, Hannon James C
Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2018 Jun 25;12:1179556518784296. doi: 10.1177/1179556518784296. eCollection 2018.
Efforts to decrease the risk of overweight and obesity should focus on children's physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. Within school-based interventions, there is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of the use of character modeling and goal setting to determine changes in step counts, MVPA, and FV consumption. Study participants were 187 students in grades 4 and 5 from 2 Title 1 elementary schools in the Southwest United States. The intervention was a quasi-experimental character modeling and goal setting program. New Lifestyles NL-1000 activity monitors were used to assess number of steps taken and MVPA by the participants. Fruit and vegetable consumption was measured by direct observation. School day steps, MVPA, and FV consumption were recorded at baseline, intervention, and during a 10-week follow-up. There were not differences between groups at baseline. Steps and MVPA were statistically significantly ( < .05; Δ = ~2500 steps and ~5 minutes of MVPA) greater in the intervention compared with the control group over time. Fruit and vegetable consumption was not significantly ( = .308) greater in the intervention compared with the control group over time. Students in the intervention school were significantly more active than students in the control school during the intervention phase and at follow-up. The findings reported here would suggest that character modeling and goal setting can increase PA among elementary aged children but did not increase FV consumption.
降低超重和肥胖风险的努力应聚焦于儿童的身体活动（PA）以及水果和蔬菜（FV）的摄入量。在校本干预措施中，关于运用榜样塑造和目标设定来确定步数、中等至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）以及水果和蔬菜摄入量变化的有效性，证据并不充分。研究参与者是来自美国西南部两所第一类小学的187名四年级和五年级学生。干预措施是一个准实验性的榜样塑造和目标设定项目。使用新的生活方式NL - 1000活动监测器来评估参与者的步数和中等至剧烈身体活动量。通过直接观察来测量水果和蔬菜的摄入量。在基线、干预期间以及为期10周的随访期间记录上学日的步数、中等至剧烈身体活动量以及水果和蔬菜摄入量。基线时两组之间没有差异。随着时间推移，与对照组相比，干预组的步数和中等至剧烈身体活动量在统计学上显著更高（<0.05；差值约为2500步和约5分钟中等至剧烈身体活动量）。随着时间推移，与对照组相比，干预组的水果和蔬菜摄入量没有显著更高（=0.308）。在干预阶段和随访期间，干预学校的学生比对照学校的学生明显更活跃。此处报告的研究结果表明，榜样塑造和目标设定可以增加小学年龄段儿童的身体活动，但不会增加水果和蔬菜的摄入量。
