Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2019 Jan;13(1):10-17. doi: 10.1111/irv.12596. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
Within-country differences in the timing of RSV and influenza epidemics have not been assessed in Argentina, the eighth largest country in the world by area.
We aimed to compare seasonality for RSV and influenza both nationally and in each of the five regions to inform Argentina's prevention and treatment guidelines.
The Argentine National Laboratories and Health Institutes Administration collected respiratory specimens from clinical practices, outbreak investigations, and respiratory virus surveillance in 2007-2016; these were tested using immunofluorescence or RT-PCR techniques. We calculated weekly percent positive (PP) and defined season onset as >2 consecutive weeks when PP exceeded the annual mean for the respective year and region. Median season measures (onset, offset and peak) and the established mean method were calculated for each virus.
An annual median 59 396 specimens were tested for RSV and 60 931 for influenza; 21-29% tested positive for RSV and 2-7% for influenza. National RSV activity began in April; region-specific start weeks varied by 7 weeks. Duration of RSV activity did not vary widely by region (16-18 weeks in duration). National influenza activity started in June; region-specific start weeks varied by 3 weeks. Duration of influenza epidemic activity varied more by region than that of RSV (7-13 weeks in duration).
In Argentina, RSV and influenza activity overlapped during the winter months. RSV season tended to begin prior to the influenza season, and showed more variation in start week by region. Influenza seasons tended to vary more in duration than RSV seasons.
在全球面积第八大的国家阿根廷，尚未对 RSV 和流感的国内流行时间差异进行评估。
我们旨在比较 RSV 和流感在全国和五个地区的季节性，为阿根廷的预防和治疗指南提供信息。
阿根廷国家实验室和卫生研究所管理局于 2007 年至 2016 年期间从临床实践、暴发调查和呼吸道病毒监测中收集呼吸道标本；这些标本使用免疫荧光或 RT-PCR 技术进行检测。我们计算每周阳性率（PP），并将发病起始定义为连续 2 周以上的 PP 超过当年和地区的年度均值。我们为每种病毒计算了季节性指标（发病起始、发病终止和高峰期）和既定的均值法。
每年检测了 59396 份 RSV 标本和 60931 份流感标本；21-29%的 RSV 标本和 2-7%的流感标本呈阳性。全国 RSV 活动于 4 月开始；各地区的起始周有所不同，相差 7 周。RSV 活动的持续时间在各地区差异不大（持续 16-18 周）。全国流感活动于 6 月开始；各地区的起始周相差 3 周。流感流行活动的持续时间比 RSV 更具地区差异（持续 7-13 周）。
在阿根廷，RSV 和流感活动在冬季重叠。RSV 季节往往先于流感季节开始，且各地区的起始周差异更大。流感季节的持续时间比 RSV 季节变化更大。
