发育转变中的翻译调控
Translational Control during Developmental Transitions.
机构信息
Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) and Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2019 Jun 3;11(6):a032987. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032987.
Abstract
The many steps of gene expression, from the transcription of a gene to the production of its protein product, are well understood. Yet, transcriptional regulation has been the focal point for the study of gene expression during development. However, quantitative studies reveal that messenger RNA (mRNA) levels are not necessarily good predictors of the respective proteins' levels in a cell. This discrepancy is, at least in part, the result of developmentally regulated, translational mechanisms that control the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression. In this review, we focus on translational regulatory mechanisms mediating global transitions in gene expression: the shift from the maternal to the embryonic developmental program in the early embryo and the switch from the self-renewal of stem cells to differentiation in the adult.
摘要
基因表达的许多步骤，从基因的转录到其蛋白质产物的产生，都已经被很好地理解了。然而，在发育过程中，转录调控一直是基因表达研究的焦点。然而，定量研究表明，信使 RNA（mRNA）水平并不一定能很好地预测细胞中相应蛋白质的水平。这种差异至少部分是由于发育调控的翻译机制，这些机制控制着基因表达的时空调控。在这篇综述中，我们重点讨论了介导基因表达全局转变的翻译调控机制：从早期胚胎中的母体到胚胎发育程序的转变，以及从成年干细胞的自我更新到分化的转变。
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