欧洲儿童和青少年中，身体活动、久坐行为与不同体重状况下骨僵硬度指数的横断面和纵向关联。
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and bone stiffness index across weight status in European children and adolescents.
机构信息
Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 Apr 28;17(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-00956-1.
BACKGROUND
The associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and bone health may be differentially affected by weight status during growth. This study aims to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between PA, SB and bone stiffness index (SI) in European children and adolescents, taking the weight status into consideration.
METHODS
Calcaneus SI was first measured by quantitative ultrasound among children aged 2-9 years old in 2007/08. It was measured again after 2 years in the IDEFICS study and after 6 years in the I. Family study. A sample of 2008 participants with time spent at sports clubs, watching TV and playing computer/games self-reported by questionnaire, and a subsample of 1037 participants with SB, light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) objectively measured using Actigraph accelerometers were included in the analyses. Weight status was defined as thin/normal and overweight/obese according to the extended International Obesity Task Force criteria. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between PA, SB and SI percentiles, stratified by weight status.
RESULTS
The cross-sectional association between weekly duration of watching TV and SI percentiles was negative in thin/normal weight group (β = - 0.35, p = 0.008). However, baseline weekly duration of watching TV (β = - 0.63, p = 0.021) and change after 2 years (β = - 0.63, p = 0.022) as well as the change in weekly duration of playing computer/games after 6 years (β = - 0.75, p = 0.019) were inversely associated with corresponding changes in SI percentiles in overweight/obese group. Change in time spent at sports clubs was positively associated with change in SI percentiles after 2 years (β = 1.28, p = 0.001), with comparable effect sizes across weight status. In the subsample with accelerometer data, we found a positive cross-sectional association between MVPA and SI percentiles in thin/normal weight group. Baseline MVPA predicted changes in SI percentiles after 2 and 6 years in all groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggested the beneficial effect of PA on SI. However, the increasing durations of screen-based SB might be risk factors for SI development, especially in overweight/obese children and adolescents.
背景
在生长过程中，身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）与骨骼健康之间的关联可能因体重状况而异。本研究旨在评估欧洲儿童和青少年 PA、SB 与骨僵硬度指数（SI）之间的横断面和纵向关联，并考虑体重状况。
方法
在 2007/08 年，对 2-9 岁儿童的跟骨 SI 进行了首次定量超声测量。在 IDEFICS 研究中，2 年后再次进行测量，在 I. Family 研究中，6 年后再次进行测量。通过问卷调查，对 2008 名参与者的运动俱乐部活动时间、看电视时间和玩电脑/游戏时间进行了自我报告，对 1037 名参与者的 SB、轻度 PA（LPA）和中高强度 PA（MVPA）使用 Actigraph 加速度计进行了客观测量。根据扩展的国际肥胖工作组标准，将体重状况定义为消瘦/正常和超重/肥胖。采用线性混合效应模型，按体重状况分层，估计 PA、SB 和 SI 百分位数之间的横断面和纵向关联。
结果
在消瘦/正常体重组中，每周看电视时间与 SI 百分位数呈负相关（β=-0.35，p=0.008）。然而，基线每周看电视时间（β=-0.63，p=0.021）和 2 年后的变化（β=-0.63，p=0.022）以及 6 年后每周玩电脑/游戏时间的变化（β=-0.75，p=0.019）与超重/肥胖组相应的 SI 百分位数变化呈负相关。运动俱乐部活动时间的变化与 2 年后 SI 百分位数的变化呈正相关（β=1.28，p=0.001），且与体重状况无关。在有加速度计数据的亚组中，我们发现消瘦/正常体重组中 MVPA 与 SI 百分位数之间存在横断面正相关。基线 MVPA 预测了所有组中 2 年和 6 年后 SI 百分位数的变化。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，PA 对 SI 有有益的影响。然而，屏幕为基础的 SB 时间的增加可能是 SI 发展的危险因素，尤其是在超重/肥胖的儿童和青少年中。
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