Curtin Kimberley D, Lee Eun-Young, Yun Lira, Spence John C
Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, 1-141 University Hall, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada.
School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, 28 Division St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
Int J Behav Med. 2018 Oct;25(5):548-557. doi: 10.1007/s12529-018-9743-y.
To examine associations between physical activity contexts and health and fitness perceptions among Korean adults and youth.
Data were from the Korean Survey on Citizens' Sports Participation in 2015. Korean youth (N = 832; M = 14.7) and adults (N = 6719; M = 41.3) were included in the hierarchical logistic and linear regressions. Youth physical activity was examined in school-based (i.e., school-based and after-school/Saturday school sports) and out of school (i.e., organized sports) settings. Adults who met the World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity guidelines or not, and participated in structured (e.g., sport) and unstructured (e.g., walking) physical activity were compared. The outcome variables were self-reported health and fitness. Gender interactions between physical activity and all outcomes were examined for the adult sample only.
No associations existed between physical activity and perceived health or fitness among youth. Adults who met the WHO guidelines, or participated in structured physical activity showed higher odds of reporting good health. Unstructured physical activity was associated with lower odds of reporting good health. Positive perceptions of fitness were more likely to be reported by males who met physical activity guidelines compared to females.
For youth, the potential benefit of physical activity, regardless of contexts, may be more apparent for psychological health than perceived physical health, and school should be used as a venue to promote physical activity. For adults, structured physical activity and achieving the WHO physical activity guidelines may be suggested for perceptions of overall health.
研究韩国成年人与青少年的身体活动环境与健康及体能认知之间的关联。
数据来自2015年韩国公民体育参与调查。韩国青少年（N = 832；平均年龄M = 14.7岁）和成年人（N = 6719；平均年龄M = 41.3岁）纳入分层逻辑回归和线性回归分析。青少年的身体活动在基于学校的环境（即校内及课外/周六学校体育活动）和校外环境（即有组织的体育活动）中进行考察。比较了达到世界卫生组织（WHO）身体活动指南标准与否的成年人，以及参与结构化（如运动）和非结构化（如步行）身体活动的成年人。结果变量为自我报告的健康和体能状况。仅对成年样本考察身体活动与所有结果之间的性别交互作用。
青少年的身体活动与感知到的健康或体能之间不存在关联。达到WHO指南标准或参与结构化身体活动的成年人报告健康良好的几率更高。非结构化身体活动与报告健康良好的几率较低相关。与女性相比，达到身体活动指南标准的男性更有可能报告对体能有积极认知。
对于青少年而言，无论在何种环境下，身体活动对心理健康的潜在益处可能比对感知到的身体健康的益处更明显，学校应作为促进身体活动的场所。对于成年人来说，为了获得对整体健康的良好认知，建议进行结构化身体活动并达到WHO身体活动指南标准。
