Dyregrov Kari, Kristensen Pål, Dyregrov Atle
Center for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
Glob Qual Nurs Res. 2018 Aug 9;5:2333393618792076. doi: 10.1177/2333393618792076. eCollection 2018 Jan-Dec.
The aim of this study is to increase the understanding of social network support after traumatic deaths and, by demonstrating the complexities of such encounters, to highlight whether such support may be totally beneficial. A phenomenological dynamic and relational perspective was applied to 22 in-depth interviews with parents bereaved as a result of the 2011 terror attack in Norway. Three main themes were identified in respect of interactional support processes: (a) valued support, (b) stressful experiences, and (c) interactive barriers. As well as describing the value of experienced support, the article also elaborates on the effect of lacking, avoidant, and inept support. The findings show that insecure communication and a nonmatching understanding of time and emotional overload can form interactive barriers between the bereaved and their networks. By better understanding the relational regulation processes inherent in social support we may provide informed advice to both the bereaved and their networks to maximize recovery.
本研究的目的是增进对创伤性死亡后社会网络支持的理解，并通过展示此类遭遇的复杂性，突出这种支持是否可能完全有益。采用现象学动态和关系视角，对因2011年挪威恐怖袭击而失去亲人的22位父母进行了深度访谈。在互动支持过程方面确定了三个主要主题：(a) 有价值的支持，(b) 压力经历，以及 (c) 互动障碍。除了描述所体验到的支持的价值外，本文还阐述了缺乏、回避和不恰当支持的影响。研究结果表明，不安全的沟通以及对时间和情感过载的不匹配理解可能会在丧亲者及其社交网络之间形成互动障碍。通过更好地理解社会支持中固有的关系调节过程，我们可以为丧亲者及其社交网络提供明智的建议，以最大限度地促进恢复。
