Kanté Tagueu Sartrien, Farikou Oumarou, Njiokou Flobert, Simo Gustave
Molecular Parasitology and Entomology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
Mission Spéciale d'Éradication des Glossines, Division Régionale Tsé-Tsé Adamaoua, B.P. 263 Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Parasite. 2018;25:44. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2018044. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Tsetse flies are the cyclical vector of human and animal African trypanosomiasis. To improve vector control in order to achieve the elimination of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and boost the control of animal diseases, investigations have been undertaken on the tripartite association between tsetse, trypanosome, and symbionts. It is in this light that Sodalis glossinidius and different trypanosomes were identified in Glossina palpalis palpalis caught in Fontem in southern Cameroon. For this study, DNA was extracted from whole flies, and S. glossinidius and different trypanosome species were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analyses were performed to compare the trypanosome and S. glossinidius infection rates and to look for an association between these microorganisms. Of the 274 G. p. palpalis caught, 3.3% (9/274) were teneral. About 35% (96/274) of these flies harbored S. glossinidius. Of the 265 non-teneral flies, 37.7% were infected by trypanosomes. The infection rates of Trypanosoma congolense "forest type" and Trypanosoma vivax were 26.04% and 18.11%, respectively. About 6.41% of tsetse harbored mixed infections of T. congolense and T. vivax. Of the 69 tsetse with T. congolense infections, 33.33% (23/69) harbored S. glossinidius while 71.86% (69/96) of flies harboring S. glossinidius were not infected by trypanosomes. No association was observed between S. glossinidius and trypanosome infections. Some wild tsetse harbor S. glossinidius and trypanosomes, while others have no infection or are infected by only one of these microorganisms. We conclude that the presence of S. glossinidius does not favor trypanosome infections in G. p. palpalis of the Fontem focus.
采采蝇是人类和动物非洲锥虫病的周期性传播媒介。为了加强病媒控制以实现消除人类非洲锥虫病（HAT）并加强对动物疾病的控制，已对采采蝇、锥虫和共生菌之间的三方关系展开调查。正是基于此，在喀麦隆南部丰特姆捕获的冈比亚按蚊中鉴定出了格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 和不同的锥虫。在本研究中，从整只苍蝇中提取 DNA，并通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）鉴定格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 和不同的锥虫种类。进行统计分析以比较锥虫和格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 的感染率，并寻找这些微生物之间的关联。在捕获的 274 只冈比亚按蚊中，3.3%（9/274）为 teneral。这些苍蝇中约 35%（96/274）携带格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius。在 265 只非 teneral 苍蝇中，37.7%感染了锥虫。刚果锥虫“森林型”和活泼锥虫的感染率分别为 26.04%和 18.11%。约 6.41%的采采蝇同时感染了刚果锥虫和活泼锥虫。在 69 只感染刚果锥虫的采采蝇中，33.33%（23/69）携带格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius，而在携带格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 的苍蝇中，71.86%（69/96）未感染锥虫。未观察到格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 与锥虫感染之间的关联。一些野生采采蝇携带格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 和锥虫，而其他采采蝇未感染或仅感染其中一种微生物。我们得出结论，在丰特姆疫源地的冈比亚按蚊中，格氏嗜 Sodalis glossinidius 的存在并不利于锥虫感染。
