Müsseler Jochen, Ruhland Lennart, Böffel Christian
RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2019 Jun;72(6):1539-1549. doi: 10.1177/1747021818799240. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
If an actor takes the perspective of an avatar, spatial dissociations could arise between the perspective of the actor and the perspective of the avatar. These become particularly interesting when solving spatial compatibility tasks. Effects of spatial compatibility are usually explained by a match or mismatch of automatic behavioural tendencies and intentional mapping processes. The question is whether actors develop such behavioural tendencies for an avatar and thereby are able to neglect their own perspective. In the experiments, actors take the perspective of the avatar and pressed ipsilateral or contralateral left-right keys in response to lateralised coloured discs. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that compatibility effects are tied to the avatar but not to the actor. Experiment 3 revealed that participants could ignore the perspective of the avatar. We concluded that the automatic behavioural tendencies in compatibility experiments are not as automatic as sometimes assumed. It is likely that the present results are not only applicable to the use of avatars but also to other human-controlled robots and drones.
如果一个演员采取虚拟化身的视角，那么演员的视角与虚拟化身的视角之间可能会出现空间解离。在解决空间兼容性任务时，这些情况会变得特别有趣。空间兼容性的影响通常通过自动行为倾向和有意映射过程的匹配或不匹配来解释。问题在于演员是否会为虚拟化身形成这样的行为倾向，从而能够忽略自己的视角。在实验中，演员采取虚拟化身的视角，并根据侧向呈现的彩色圆盘按下同侧或对侧的左右键。实验1和实验2表明，兼容性效应与虚拟化身相关，而与演员无关。实验3表明，参与者可以忽略虚拟化身的视角。我们得出结论，兼容性实验中的自动行为倾向并不像有时所认为的那么自动。目前的结果很可能不仅适用于虚拟化身的使用，也适用于其他人类控制的机器人和无人机。
