Tennant Jonathan P
27 Paget Street, Aylestone, Leicester, UK, LE2 8SP.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2018 Oct 1;365(19). doi: 10.1093/femsle/fny204.
Scholarly communication is in a perpetual state of disruption. Within this, peer review of research articles remains an essential part of the formal publication process, distinguishing it from virtually all other modes of communication. In the last several years, there has been an explosive wave of innovation in peer review research, platforms, discussions, tools and services. This is largely coupled with the ongoing and parallel evolution of scholarly communication as it adapts to rapidly changing environments, within what is widely considered as the 'open research' or 'open science' movement. Here, we summarise the current ebb and flow around changes to peer review and consider its role in a modern digital research and communications infrastructure and suggest why uptake of new models of peer review appears to have been so low compared to what is often viewed as the 'traditional' method of peer review. Finally, we offer some insight into the potential futures of scholarly peer review and consider what impacts this might have on the broader scholarly research ecosystem. In particular, we focus on the key traits of certification and reputation, moderation and quality control and engagement incentives, and discuss how these interact with socio-technical aspects of peer review and academic culture.
学术交流处于一种持续被扰乱的状态。在这一背景下，研究论文的同行评审仍然是正式出版过程的一个重要部分，使其与几乎所有其他交流模式区分开来。在过去几年里，同行评审研究、平台、讨论、工具和服务出现了一波创新热潮。这在很大程度上与学术交流的持续并行发展相关，因为它要适应快速变化的环境，处于被广泛认为的“开放研究”或“开放科学”运动之中。在此，我们总结当前围绕同行评审变化的起伏情况，思考其在现代数字研究与交流基础设施中的作用，并探讨为何与通常被视为“传统”同行评审方法相比，新的同行评审模式的采用率似乎如此之低。最后，我们对学术同行评审的潜在未来提供一些见解，并思考这可能对更广泛的学术研究生态系统产生何种影响。特别是，我们关注认证与声誉、审核与质量控制以及参与激励等关键特征，并讨论这些特征如何与同行评审的社会技术方面及学术文化相互作用。
