Hecksteden Anne, Faude Oliver, Meyer Tim, Donath Lars
Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Front Physiol. 2018 Jul 26;9:1007. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01007. eCollection 2018.
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can be regarded as gold standard in investigating dose-response and causal relationships in exercise science. Recommendations for exercise training routines and efficacy analyses of certain training regimen require valid data derived from robust RCTs. Moreover, meta-analyses rely on RCTs and both RCTs and meta-analyses are considered the highest level of scientific evidence. Beyond general study design a variety of methodological aspects and notable pitfalls has to be considered. Therefore, exercise training studies should be carefully constructed focusing on the consistency of the whole design "package" from an explicit hypothesis or research question over study design and methodology to data analysis and interpretation. The present scoping review covers all main aspects of planning, conducting, and analyzing exercise based RCTs. We aim to focus on relevant aspects regarding study design, statistical power, training planning and documentation as well as traditional and recent statistical approaches. We intend to provide a comprehensive hands-on paper for conceptualizing future exercise training studies and hope to stimulate and encourage researchers to conduct sound and valid RCTs in the field of exercise training.
随机对照试验（RCTs）可被视为运动科学中研究剂量反应和因果关系的金标准。运动训练方案的建议以及某些训练方案的疗效分析需要来自可靠随机对照试验的有效数据。此外，荟萃分析依赖于随机对照试验，随机对照试验和荟萃分析均被视为最高级别的科学证据。除了一般的研究设计外，还必须考虑各种方法学方面的问题和明显的陷阱。因此，运动训练研究应精心构建，重点关注从明确的假设或研究问题到研究设计、方法学，再到数据分析和解释的整个设计“包”的一致性。本范围综述涵盖了基于运动的随机对照试验的规划、实施和分析的所有主要方面。我们旨在关注与研究设计、统计效力、训练计划和记录以及传统和最新统计方法相关的方面。我们打算提供一篇全面实用的论文，用于构思未来的运动训练研究，并希望激发和鼓励研究人员在运动训练领域进行合理有效的随机对照试验。
