Palcsu László, Morgenstern Uwe, Sültenfuss Jürgen, Koltai Gabriella, László Elemér, Temovski Marjan, Major Zoltán, Nagy Judit T, Papp László, Varlam Carmen, Faurescu Ionut, Túri Marianna, Rinyu László, Czuppon György, Bottyán Emese, Jull A J Timothy
Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre (ICER), Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, 4026, Hungary.
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand.
Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 24;8(1):12813. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31208-9.
The relationship between the atmospheric concentration of cosmogenic isotopes, the change of solar activity and hence secondary neutron flux has already been proven. The temporal atmospheric variation of the most studied cosmogenic isotopes shows a significant anti-correlation with solar cycles. However, since artificial tritium input to the atmosphere due to nuclear-weapon tests masked the expected variations of tritium production rate by three orders of magnitude, the natural variation of tritium in meteoric precipitation has not previously been detected. For the first time, we provide clear evidence of the positive correlation between the tritium concentration of meteoric precipitation and neutron flux modulated by solar magnetic activity. We found trends in tritium time series for numerous locations worldwide which are similar to the variation of secondary neutron flux and sun spot numbers. This variability appears to have similar periodicities to that of solar cycle. Frequency analysis, cross correlation analysis, continuous and cross wavelet analysis provide mathematical evidence that the correlation between solar cycle and meteoric tritium does exist. Our results demonstrate that the response of tritium variation in precipitation to the solar cycle can be used to help us understand its role in the water cycle.
宇宙成因同位素的大气浓度、太阳活动变化以及由此产生的次级中子通量之间的关系已得到证实。对研究最多的宇宙成因同位素的时间大气变化显示，其与太阳周期存在显著的反相关关系。然而，由于核武器试验向大气中输入的人工氚使氚产生率的预期变化被掩盖了三个数量级，此前尚未检测到大气降水中氚的自然变化。我们首次提供了明确证据，证明大气降水中氚浓度与太阳磁活动调制的中子通量之间存在正相关关系。我们发现全球众多地点的氚时间序列趋势与次级中子通量和太阳黑子数的变化相似。这种变化似乎与太阳周期具有相似的周期性。频率分析、互相关分析、连续小波分析和交叉小波分析提供了数学证据，证明太阳周期与大气氚之间确实存在相关性。我们的结果表明，降水氚变化对太阳周期的响应可帮助我们理解其在水循环中的作用。
