• 文献检索
  • 文档翻译
  • 深度研究
  • 学术资讯
  • Suppr Zotero 插件Zotero 插件
  • 邀请有礼
  • 套餐&价格
  • 历史记录
应用&插件
Suppr Zotero 插件Zotero 插件浏览器插件Mac 客户端Windows 客户端微信小程序
定价
高级版会员购买积分包购买API积分包
服务
文献检索文档翻译深度研究API 文档MCP 服务
关于我们
关于 Suppr公司介绍联系我们用户协议隐私条款
关注我们

Suppr 超能文献

核心技术专利：CN118964589B侵权必究
粤ICP备2023148730 号-1Suppr @ 2026

文献检索

告别复杂PubMed语法，用中文像聊天一样搜索，搜遍4000万医学文献。AI智能推荐，让科研检索更轻松。

立即免费搜索

文件翻译

保留排版，准确专业，支持PDF/Word/PPT等文件格式，支持 12+语言互译。

免费翻译文档

深度研究

AI帮你快速写综述，25分钟生成高质量综述，智能提取关键信息，辅助科研写作。

立即免费体验

量化后向散射辐射以防止量子密钥分发中的零误差攻击。

Quantifying backflash radiation to prevent zero-error attacks in quantum key distribution.

作者信息

Meda Alice, Degiovanni Ivo Pietro, Tosi Alberto, Yuan Zhiliang, Brida Giorgio, Genovese Marco

机构信息

INRIM, 10135 Torino, Italy.

Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.

出版信息

Light Sci Appl. 2017 Jun 16;6(6):e16261. doi: 10.1038/lsa.2016.261. eCollection 2017 Jun.

DOI:10.1038/lsa.2016.261
PMID:30167258
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6062235/
Abstract

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are the most widespread commercial solution for single-photon counting in quantum key distribution applications. However, the secondary photon emission that arises from the avalanche of charge carriers that occurs during the detection of a photon may be exploited by an eavesdropper to gain information without inducing errors in the transmission key. In this paper, we characterize such backflash light in gated InGaAs/InP SPADs and discuss its spectral and temporal characterization for different detector models and different operating parameters. We qualitatively bound the maximum information leakage due to backflash light and propose solutions for preventing such leakage.

摘要

单光子雪崩二极管（SPAD）是量子密钥分发应用中最广泛使用的单光子计数商业解决方案。然而，在光子检测过程中发生的载流子雪崩所产生的二次光子发射，可能会被窃听者利用来获取信息，而不会在传输密钥中引入错误。在本文中，我们对门控铟镓砷/磷化铟SPAD中的这种后向闪光进行了表征，并讨论了针对不同探测器模型和不同操作参数的光谱和时间特性。我们定性地限制了由于后向闪光导致的最大信息泄漏，并提出了防止此类泄漏的解决方案。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/c723bac367e9/lsa2016261f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/e7821a829702/lsa2016261f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/bdbe4afacc6f/lsa2016261f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/34d0e4d39058/lsa2016261f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/d3b1fc3a6262/lsa2016261f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/e9dd05eb06be/lsa2016261f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/c723bac367e9/lsa2016261f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/e7821a829702/lsa2016261f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/bdbe4afacc6f/lsa2016261f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/34d0e4d39058/lsa2016261f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/d3b1fc3a6262/lsa2016261f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/e9dd05eb06be/lsa2016261f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608e/6062235/c723bac367e9/lsa2016261f6.jpg

相似文献

1
Quantifying backflash radiation to prevent zero-error attacks in quantum key distribution.量化后向散射辐射以防止量子密钥分发中的零误差攻击。
Light Sci Appl. 2017 Jun 16;6(6):e16261. doi: 10.1038/lsa.2016.261. eCollection 2017 Jun.
2
Design considerations of high-performance InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche diodes for quantum key distribution.用于量子密钥分发的高性能铟镓砷/磷化铟单光子雪崩二极管的设计考量
Appl Opt. 2016 Sep 20;55(27):7497-502. doi: 10.1364/AO.55.007497.
3
Eavesdropping and countermeasures for backflash side channel in quantum cryptography.量子密码术中后向散射边信道的窃听与对策
Opt Express. 2018 Aug 6;26(16):21020-21032. doi: 10.1364/OE.26.021020.
4
InGaAs-GaAs Nanowire Avalanche Photodiodes Toward Single-Photon Detection in Free-Running Mode.用于自由运行模式下单光子探测的铟镓砷-砷化镓纳米线雪崩光电二极管
Nano Lett. 2019 Jan 9;19(1):582-590. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04643. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
5
Fully integrated InGaAs/InP single-photon detector module with gigahertz sine wave gating.具有千兆赫兹正弦波选通功能的全集成铟镓砷/磷化铟单光子探测器模块
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Aug;83(8):083111. doi: 10.1063/1.4746291.
6
An ultra low noise telecom wavelength free running single photon detector using negative feedback avalanche diode.一种采用负反馈雪崩二极管的超低噪声电信波长自由运行单光子探测器。
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Jul;83(7):073105. doi: 10.1063/1.4732813.
7
Temporal jitter in free-running InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche detectors.自由运行的铟镓砷/磷化铟单光子雪崩探测器中的时间抖动
Opt Lett. 2016 Dec 15;41(24):5728-5731. doi: 10.1364/OL.41.005728.
8
Fully programmable single-photon detection module for InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche diodes with clean and sub-nanosecond gating transitions.用于铟镓砷/磷化铟单光子雪崩二极管的全可编程单光子检测模块，具有干净且亚纳秒级的门控跃迁。
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Jan;83(1):013104. doi: 10.1063/1.3675579.
9
Temperature-dependent photon detection efficiency model for InGaAs/InP SPADs.用于InGaAs/InP单光子雪崩二极管的温度相关光子探测效率模型
Opt Express. 2022 Jan 31;30(3):4504-4514. doi: 10.1364/OE.444536.
10
High-rate quantum key distribution over 100 km using ultra-low-noise, 2-GHz sinusoidally gated InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes.使用超低噪声、2 GHz 正弦门控 InGaAs/InP 雪崩光电二极管实现100公里以上的高速量子密钥分发。
Opt Express. 2011 May 23;19(11):10632-9. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.010632.

引用本文的文献

1
Dynamic-quenching of a single-photon avalanche photodetector using an adaptive resistive switch.使用自适应电阻开关对单光子雪崩光电探测器进行动态猝灭。
Nat Commun. 2022 Mar 21;13(1):1517. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29195-7.
2
A Review of Security Evaluation of Practical Quantum Key Distribution System.实用量子密钥分发系统的安全性评估综述
Entropy (Basel). 2022 Feb 10;24(2):260. doi: 10.3390/e24020260.
3
Magnetic Carbon Nanofiber Mats for Prospective Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) Sensing Applications.用于单光子雪崩二极管 (SPAD) 传感应用的磁性碳纳米纤维垫。

本文引用的文献

1
Maintenance-free operation of WDM quantum key distribution system through a field fiber over 30 days.通过现场光纤实现波分复用量子密钥分发系统30天以上的免维护运行。
Opt Express. 2013 Dec 16;21(25):31395-401. doi: 10.1364/OE.21.031395.
2
Fully integrated InGaAs/InP single-photon detector module with gigahertz sine wave gating.具有千兆赫兹正弦波选通功能的全集成铟镓砷/磷化铟单光子探测器模块
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Aug;83(8):083111. doi: 10.1063/1.4746291.
3
Fully programmable single-photon detection module for InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche diodes with clean and sub-nanosecond gating transitions.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Nov 26;21(23):7873. doi: 10.3390/s21237873.
4
An approach for security evaluation and certification of a complete quantum communication system.一种完整量子通信系统的安全评估与认证方法。
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 3;11(1):5110. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84139-3.
用于铟镓砷/磷化铟单光子雪崩二极管的全可编程单光子检测模块，具有干净且亚纳秒级的门控跃迁。
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Jan;83(1):013104. doi: 10.1063/1.3675579.
4
Experimentally faking the violation of Bell's inequalities.实验性地伪造违反贝尔不等式。
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Oct 21;107(17):170404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.170404. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
5
Device calibration impacts security of quantum key distribution.设备校准影响量子密钥分发的安全性。
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Sep 9;107(11):110501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.110501.
6
Full-field implementation of a perfect eavesdropper on a quantum cryptography system.全场实现量子密码系统的完美窃听者。
Nat Commun. 2011 Jun 14;2:349. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1348.
7
Field test of quantum key distribution in the Tokyo QKD Network.东京量子密钥分发网络中的量子密钥分发现场测试。
Opt Express. 2011 May 23;19(11):10387-409. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.010387.
8
Metropolitan all-pass and inter-city quantum communication network.都市全光通信与城际量子通信网络。
Opt Express. 2010 Dec 20;18(26):27217-25. doi: 10.1364/OE.18.027217.
9
Field test of wavelength-saving quantum key distribution network.现场测试波长节省型量子密钥分配网络。
Opt Lett. 2010 Jul 15;35(14):2454-6. doi: 10.1364/OL.35.002454.
10
800 MHz single-photon detection at 1550-nm using an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode operated with a sine wave gating.使用以正弦波选通方式工作的铟镓砷/磷化铟雪崩光电二极管在1550纳米波长处进行800兆赫的单光子探测。
Opt Express. 2006 Oct 16;14(21):10043-9. doi: 10.1364/oe.14.010043.