1Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging,NIA/NIH/IRP,Baltimore,MD21224,USA.
2Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition,University of Delaware,Newark,DE19716,USA.
Br J Nutr. 2018 Oct;120(8):935-945. doi: 10.1017/S0007114518002118. Epub 2018 Aug 31.
Serum uric acid (SUA), a causative agent for gout, is linked to dietary factors, perhaps differentially by race. Cross-sectional (SUAbase, i.e. baseline SUA) and longitudinal (SUArate; i.e. annual rate of change in SUA) associations of SUA with diet were evaluated across race and sex-race groups, in a large prospective cohort study of urban adults. Of 3720 African American (AA) and White urban adults participating in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study, longitudinal data (2004-2013, k=1·7 repeats, follow-up, 4·64 (sd 0·93) years) on n 2138 participants were used. The main outcome consisted of up to two repeated measures on SUA. Exposures included the dietary factors such as 'added sugar', 'alcoholic beverages', 'red meat', 'total fish', 'legumes', 'total dairy product', 'caffeine', 'vitamin C' and a composite measure termed 'dietary urate index'. Mixed-effects linear regression models were conducted, stratifying by race and by race×sex. A positive association between legume intake and SUArate was restricted to AA, whereas alcohol intake was positively associated with SUAbase overall without racial differences. Added sugars were directly related to SUAbase among White men (P<0·05 for race×sex interaction), whereas dairy product intake was linked with slower SUArate among AA women, unlike among White women. Nevertheless, dairy product intake was associated with a lower SUAbase among Whites. Finally, the dietary urate index was positively associated with both SUAbase and SUArate, particularly among AA. In sum, race and sex interactions with dietary intakes of added sugars, dairy products and legumes were detected in determining SUA. Similar studies are needed to replicate these findings.
血清尿酸(SUA)是痛风的致病因素,与饮食因素有关,或许因种族不同而有所差异。在一项针对城市成年人的大型前瞻性队列研究中,评估了 SUA 与饮食之间的横断面(SUAbase,即基线 SUA)和纵向(SUArate;即 SUA 的年变化率)关联,考虑了种族和性别-种族因素。在参与多样性在整个生命周期中的邻里健康老龄化研究的 3720 名非裔美国人和白人城市成年人中,有 2138 名参与者具有纵向数据(2004-2013 年,k=1.7 次重复,随访时间 4.64(sd 0.93)年)。主要结果包括 SUA 的最多两次重复测量。暴露因素包括“添加糖”、“含酒精饮料”、“红色肉类”、“总鱼”、“豆类”、“总乳制品”、“咖啡因”、“维生素 C”和一个称为“饮食尿酸指数”的综合指标。采用混合效应线性回归模型,按种族和种族×性别进行分层。豆类摄入量与 SUArate 之间的正相关仅局限于非裔美国人,而酒精摄入量与 SUAbase 之间存在正相关,且无种族差异。白种男性中添加糖与 SUAbase 直接相关(种族×性别交互作用 P<0.05),而在非裔美国女性中,乳制品摄入量与 SUArate 较慢相关,而在白种女性中则不同。然而,乳制品摄入量与白种人的 SUAbase 较低有关。最后,饮食尿酸指数与 SUAbase 和 SUArate 均呈正相关,尤其是在非裔美国人中。总之,在确定 SUA 时,饮食中添加糖、乳制品和豆类的摄入与种族和性别存在相互作用。需要开展类似的研究来复制这些发现。