Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Van der Boechorststraat 7, NL-1081, BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1089a, NL-1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Aug 31;18(1):1083. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5983-7.
To date, determinants of retirement timing have been studied separately within various disciplines, such as occupational health and economics. This narrative literature review explores the determinants of retirement timing in countries, and relevant domains among older workers from both an economic and occupational health perspective.
A literature search was conducted using 11 databases. Longitudinal studies on determinants of retirement timing were included. Study inclusion criteria were as follows: full-text article written in English or Dutch, conducted in humans, main outcome was time until retirement (i.e. retirement date or retirement age), and longitudinal design. Next, the included articles were screened for hypotheses on retirement timing and these articles with hypotheses were subjected to a quality assessment. Determinants for retirement timing were classified into multiple domains by three researchers.
The literature search identified 20 articles. The determinants of retirement timing were classified into eight domains: demographic factors, health factors, social factors, social participation, work characteristics, financial factors, retirement preferences, and macro effects. In total, we identified 49 determinants, ranging from one (social, and retirement preferences) to 21 determinants (work characteristics) per domain.
The findings suggest that there is a wide range of determinants that influence retirement timing in modern industrialized countries and that these determinants differ between countries. We recommend that researchers include determinants from various domains when studying retirement timing, while taking into account a country's context.
迄今为止，退休时间的决定因素已在职业健康和经济学等不同学科中分别进行了研究。本叙事文献综述从经济和职业健康的角度探讨了各国老年工人退休时间的决定因素以及相关领域。
使用 11 个数据库进行了文献检索。纳入了关于退休时间决定因素的纵向研究。研究纳入标准如下：全文为英文或荷兰文撰写，以人为研究对象，主要结局为退休时间（即退休日期或退休年龄），且为纵向设计。然后，对纳入的文章进行了退休时间假设的筛选，对有假设的文章进行了质量评估。通过三位研究人员将退休时间的决定因素分为多个领域。
文献检索确定了 20 篇文章。退休时间的决定因素分为八个领域：人口统计学因素、健康因素、社会因素、社会参与、工作特征、财务因素、退休偏好和宏观影响。总共确定了 49 个决定因素，每个领域从一个（社会和退休偏好）到 21 个决定因素（工作特征）不等。
研究结果表明，现代工业化国家影响退休时间的决定因素范围很广，而且这些决定因素在各国之间存在差异。我们建议研究人员在研究退休时间时，从各个领域考虑决定因素，同时考虑到一个国家的背景。
