Department of Health Psychology, University of Alicante (Spain), Campus de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Alicante, Spain.
Department of Health Psychology, University of Alicante (Spain), Campus de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Alicante, Spain.
Neurobiol Aging. 2018 Nov;71:234-240. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.08.004. Epub 2018 Aug 10.
As practice effects are common in neuropsychological assessment, this study analyzed their utility to identify individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) at the greatest risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD-risk) and compared practice effects with APOE and brain metabolism biomarkers. We regressed Auditory Verbal Learning Test delayed recall (AVLT-DR) at 6 months on baseline AVLT-DR scores in 394 individuals with normal cognition from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database and dichotomized 816 individuals with aMCI as showing practice effect or not showing practice effects (PE-) when the discrepancy between observed and predicted scores was found in less than 10%, 7%, and 5% of normal cognition. Cox regressions analyzed the AD-risk at 6 years. More than 60% of aMCI were showing practice effects. Controlling for age, sex, education, and baseline Mini-Mental State Examination and AVLT-DR scores, the AD-risk was associated with PE- [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.93], lower brain metabolism (HR = 0.95), and APOE genotype (HR = 1.92), with narrower risk estimates for PE-. The lack of practice effects during a 6-month period might be as precise as biomarkers for predicting the 6-year AD-risk.
由于在神经心理学评估中常见练习效应，本研究分析了其在识别有发生阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险的遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）个体中的效用，并将练习效应与 APOE 和大脑代谢生物标志物进行了比较。我们对来自阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议数据库的 394 名认知正常个体的听觉词语学习测试延迟回忆（AVLT-DR）在 6 个月时的得分进行了回归分析，根据基线 AVLT-DR 得分，将 816 名 aMCI 个体分为出现练习效应（PE+）和未出现练习效应（PE-），当观察到的和预测到的分数之间的差异小于正常认知个体的 10%、7%和 5%时，将其归类为出现练习效应或未出现练习效应。Cox 回归分析了 6 年时的 AD 风险。超过 60%的 aMCI 出现了练习效应。在控制年龄、性别、教育程度以及基线简易精神状态检查和 AVLT-DR 得分后，AD 风险与 PE-相关[风险比（HR）=1.93]，与较低的大脑代谢相关（HR=0.95），与 APOE 基因型相关（HR=1.92），PE-的风险估计值较窄。在 6 个月期间没有出现练习效应，其预测 6 年 AD 风险的准确性可能与生物标志物一样高。
