Sekerdej Maciej, Simão Claudia, Waldzus Sven, Brito Rodrigo
1Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
2CUBE - Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal.
J Nonverbal Behav. 2018;42(3):311-326. doi: 10.1007/s10919-018-0279-2. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
This research investigated the influence of observed touch on the perceptions of communality and dominance in dyadic interactions. We manipulated four key situational features of haptic behavior in two experiments: the initiation, reciprocity, the degree of formality of touch (Studies 1 and 2), and the context of the interaction (Study 2). The results showed that the default perception of touch, irrespective of whether it is initiated or reciprocated, is the communal intention of the toucher. Furthermore, the initiation of touch was seen as an act of dominance, particularly, when the contact between the actors was primed as being hierarchical. Reciprocation neutralized the perceived asymmetry in dominance, but such inferences seemed to hinge on the fit of the touch with the context: reciprocation of formal touch reduced the asymmetry in the hierarchical context, whereas reciprocation of informal touch reduced the asymmetry in the non-hierarchical context.
本研究调查了在二元互动中观察到的触摸对共同体感知和主导地位感知的影响。我们在两个实验中操纵了触觉行为的四个关键情境特征：触摸的发起、互惠性、触摸的正式程度（研究1和研究2）以及互动的背景（研究2）。结果表明，无论触摸是发起还是互惠，触摸的默认感知都是触摸者的共同体意图。此外，触摸的发起被视为一种主导行为，特别是当参与者之间的接触被设定为具有等级性时。互惠消除了感知到的主导地位不对称，但这种推断似乎取决于触摸与背景的契合度：正式触摸的互惠减少了等级背景下的不对称，而非正式触摸的互惠减少了非等级背景下的不对称。
