Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal.
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Biomed Res Int. 2018 Aug 5;2018:7804642. doi: 10.1155/2018/7804642. eCollection 2018.
This study examines heart rate (HR) and perceived experience during same- versus mixed-gender soccer played as small- (SSG) and large-sided (LSG) games. HR, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and fun scores were determined in 134 pupils (50 girls, 84 boys) randomly assigned to same- and mixed-genders formats playing 2x15-min of SSG (2v2, 4v4) and LSG (12v12) in a random order (~50 m/player). HR was lower (≤0.03) for girls when playing together with boys than when playing alone (71±10 versus 77±7%HRmax), while being similar for boys playing mixed- or same-gender games (74±7 versus 77±4%HRmax). Boys perceived less fun when playing together with girls than when playing alone (4.4±2.3 versus 6.3±2.3, <0.001). Irrespective of gender, higher (<0.001) HRmean, %time>80%HRmax, and RPE were observed during 2v2 (78±9%HRmax, 43±33%, 5.5±2.5) and 4v4 (76±9%HRmax, 39±32%, 5.5±2.7) than during 12v12 (70±10%HRmax, 23±27%, 3.8±2.9). Cardiovascular strain was lower for girls when playing together with boys than when playing alone in LSG. SSG were more intense than LSG when girls played mixed-gender games and when boys played mixed- and same-gender games. When boys played mixed-gender games, SSG were considered more fun than LSG. Physical education teachers and coaches should consider gender and game format differences when using soccer.
本研究考察了同性别和混合性别足球比赛中小场（SSG）和大场（LSG）比赛中心率（HR）和感知体验。在随机分配的 134 名小学生（50 名女孩，84 名男孩）中，根据心率（HR）、感知运动强度（RPE）和趣味性评分，确定了他们在同性别和混合性别比赛中 2x15 分钟的 SSG（2v2、4v4）和 LSG（12v12）的比赛结果（~50 m/player）。与单独比赛相比，女孩与男孩一起比赛时的 HR 较低（≤0.03）（71±10%HRmax 对 77±7%HRmax），而男孩在混合性别或同性别比赛中 HR 相似（74±7%HRmax 对 77±4%HRmax）。与单独比赛相比，男孩与女孩一起比赛时的趣味性评分较低（4.4±2.3 对 6.3±2.3，<0.001）。无论性别如何，在 2v2（78±9%HRmax，43±33%，5.5±2.5）和 4v4（76±9%HRmax，39±32%，5.5±2.7）时，心率均值（<0.001）、>80%HRmax 的时间百分比（%time）和 RPE 更高，而在 12v12（70±10%HRmax，23±27%，3.8±2.9）时则更低。在 LSG 中，女孩与男孩一起比赛时的心血管紧张程度低于单独比赛。当女孩进行混合性别比赛以及男孩进行混合和同性别比赛时，SSG 比 LSG 更为激烈。当男孩进行混合性别比赛时，SSG 比 LSG 更有趣。体育教师和教练在使用足球时应考虑性别和比赛形式的差异。
