Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Helsinki, Finland.
Sleep Med. 2018 Nov;51:148-152. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.04.017. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
To study different factors that are associated with fatal sleepiness-related motor vehicle accidents (FSMVA) and in other types of fatal motor vehicle accidents (FMVA) in Finland.
All FMVA that were caused by falling asleep at the wheel (FSMVA) during the years 2005-2014 were investigated using OTI (Finnish Crash Data Institute) data. The control group consisted of 136 drivers who died in other types of FMVA in 2013. A total of 258 accidents were investigated.
The mean age of the 122 drivers in the FSMVA group was 44 (standard deviation 19) years; there were 100 men (82%) and 22 women. The mean age of the 136 control drivers was 45 (standard deviation 19) years; there were 116 men (85%) and 20 women. Short sleep time (<6 h) during the previous night before the accident was the most prominent independent risk factor for FSMVA compared to other FMVA (p < 0.05). None of the other driver-related factors (diseases, blood alcohol level, illegal drugs, body mass index, medications, age, sex) differed significantly between the two groups.
Short sleep is a major cause of fatal sleepiness-related motor vehicle accidents. Driver health factors such as sleep apnea or acute/chronic diseases as well as use of sedative medications and drugs are known risk factors for FSMVA, but these factors are associated also with other types of accidents. Healthy individuals are at risk for falling asleep while driving if they are sleep deprived. All drivers should be aware of the importance of adequate sleep.
研究与致命瞌睡相关的机动车事故（FSMVA）和芬兰其他类型致命机动车事故（FMVA）相关的不同因素。
使用 OTI（芬兰碰撞数据研究所）数据，对 2005 年至 2014 年间因驾车时睡着导致的所有 FMVA（FSMVA）进行了调查。对照组由 2013 年在其他类型 FMVA 中死亡的 136 名驾驶员组成。共调查了 258 起事故。
FSMVA 组中 122 名驾驶员的平均年龄为 44 岁（标准差 19 岁）；男性 100 人（82%），女性 22 人。对照组中 136 名驾驶员的平均年龄为 45 岁（标准差 19 岁）；男性 116 人（85%），女性 20 人。与其他 FMVA 相比，事故前一晚睡眠时间短（<6 小时）是 FSMVA 的最显著独立危险因素（p<0.05）。两组之间在其他与驾驶员相关的因素（疾病、血液酒精水平、非法药物、体重指数、药物、年龄、性别）方面无显著差异。
睡眠不足是致命瞌睡相关机动车事故的主要原因。睡眠呼吸暂停或急性/慢性疾病等驾驶员健康因素以及镇静药物和毒品的使用是 FSMVA 的已知危险因素，但这些因素也与其他类型的事故有关。如果睡眠不足，健康个体在驾车时也有入睡的风险。所有驾驶员都应意识到充足睡眠的重要性。
