印度色素性化妆品皮炎和化妆品过敏接触性皮炎的临床特征和变应原。

Clinical Profile and Allergens in Pigmented Cosmetic Dermatitis and Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Cosmetics in India.

机构信息

Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh.

Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

出版信息

Dermatitis. 2018 Sep/Oct;29(5):264-269. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000407.

DOI:10.1097/DER.0000000000000407

PMID:30179977

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Pigmented cosmetic dermatitis (PCD) is frequently encountered in dark-skinned individuals as gradual hyperpigmentation on the face without preceding erythema or itching. Little is known about the allergen profile in PCD.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was to describe the clinical profile and common allergens in PCD and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to cosmetics in Delhi.

METHODS

Records of patients suspected of PCD and ACD to cosmetics were analyzed. All patients were patch tested with the Indian standard series, Indian cosmetic and fragrance series, and personal cosmetics and, in relevant cases, hairdresser series.

RESULTS

One hundred six patients were analyzed. Patch test was positive in 77 cases (72.6%). Cetrimonium, gallate mix, thiomerosal, and skin lightening creams were more frequently positive in cases of PCD (P = 0.019-0.003), whereas p-phenylenediamine, toluene-2,5 diamine sulfate, p-aminophenol, m-aminophenol, and nitro-p-phenylenediamine were predominantly positive in ACD to cosmetics (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Preservatives, antioxidants, and skin lightening creams seem to play a role in causation of PCD, whereas hair dye allergens cause ACD to cosmetics in India.

摘要

背景

色素性化妆品皮炎（PCD）在深色皮肤人群中很常见，表现为面部逐渐出现色素沉着，无先前的红斑或瘙痒。关于 PCD 的过敏原谱知之甚少。

目的

本研究旨在描述新德里 PCD 和化妆品过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）的临床特征和常见过敏原。

方法

分析了疑似 PCD 和 ACD 化妆品的患者记录。所有患者均用印度标准系列、印度化妆品和香料系列以及个人化妆品进行斑贴试验，在相关情况下，还进行了美发师系列斑贴试验。

结果

共分析了 106 例患者。77 例（72.6%）患者斑贴试验阳性。在 PCD 病例中，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、没食子酸酯混合物、硫柳汞和皮肤美白霜的阳性率更高（P = 0.019-0.003），而对苯二胺、甲苯-2,5-二胺硫酸盐、对氨基酚、间氨基酚和硝基对苯二胺在化妆品 ACD 中更为常见（P < 0.001）。