School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
School of Medicine, Division of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Breast. 2018 Dec;42:81-93. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.08.102. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
In light of the contention surrounding the benefit-to-harm ratio of screening mammography, this systematic review aimed to understand women's knowledge of screening mammography. The search yielded 35 studies of varying methodologies, published/completed between 1992 and 2017. Data was collected between November 2017 and February 2018 and utilised publications from member countries of the International Cancer Screening Network- Breast Cancer Division. Data was analysed using a narrative synthesis. The results of the review suggest that most women are aware of mammograms, however there was large variability regarding the awareness of false positives/negatives and about the purpose of screening. Some topics (e.g. radiation, commencement age) are well understood by women; however, others are not (e.g., cessation age, overdiagnosis, and mortality reduction). The findings need to be considered in light of the variability of methods used to assess women's knowledge and there is a need to develop psychometrically validated and culturally appropriate measures of knowledge regarding screening mammography. Further, the lack of consensus regarding what women 'should' know in order to provide informed consent has implications for understanding what informed consent in breast screening means in practice.
鉴于筛查乳房 X 光检查的利弊争议，本系统评价旨在了解女性对筛查乳房 X 光检查的知识。搜索结果包括 1992 年至 2017 年间发表/完成的 35 项不同方法的研究。数据收集于 2017 年 11 月至 2018 年 2 月之间，并利用国际癌症筛查网络-乳腺癌分部成员国的出版物。使用叙述性综合分析方法对数据进行了分析。该审查的结果表明，大多数女性都知道乳房 X 光检查，但对假阳性/假阴性的认识以及筛查的目的存在很大的差异。一些主题（例如辐射、起始年龄）为女性所熟知；然而，其他主题则不然（例如，停止年龄、过度诊断和死亡率降低）。在评估女性知识的方法存在很大差异的情况下，需要考虑这些发现，并且需要开发具有心理测量学有效性和文化适应性的筛查乳房 X 光检查知识衡量标准。此外，对于女性为了提供知情同意需要了解什么缺乏共识，这对理解在实践中乳腺筛查的知情同意意味着什么具有影响。
