Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; email:
Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiologia y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, 41013 Seville, Spain.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2018 Sep 8;72:209-230. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090817-062139.
By targeting essential cellular processes, antibiotics provoke metabolic perturbations and induce stress responses and genetic variation in bacteria. Here we review current knowledge of the mechanisms by which these molecules generate genetic instability. They include production of reactive oxygen species, as well as induction of the stress response regulons, which lead to enhancement of mutation and recombination rates and modulation of horizontal gene transfer. All these phenomena influence the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. The use of strategies to stop or decrease the generation of resistant variants is also discussed.
通过靶向关键的细胞过程，抗生素会引发代谢紊乱，并诱导细菌产生应激反应和遗传变异。在这里，我们综述了这些分子引发遗传不稳定性的机制的现有知识。它们包括活性氧的产生，以及诱导应激反应调控子，这会导致突变和重组率的提高，并调节水平基因转移。所有这些现象都影响抗生素耐药性的进化和传播。我们还讨论了使用策略来阻止或减少耐药变体的产生。
