Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
Trends Parasitol. 2018 Dec;34(12):1038-1055. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2018.08.008. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
Mitochondria originated from the endosymbiotic event commencing from the engulfment of an ancestral α-proteobacterium by the first eukaryotic ancestor. Establishment of niches has led to various adaptations among eukaryotes. In anaerobic parasitic protists, the mitochondria have undergone modifications by combining features shared from the aerobic mitochondria with lineage-specific components and mechanisms; a diversified class of organelles emerged and are generally called mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs). In this review we summarize and discuss the recent advances in the knowledge of MROs from parasitic protists, particularly the themes such as metabolic functions, contribution to parasitism, dynamics, protein targeting, and novel lineage- specific proteins, with emphasis on the diversity among these organelles.
线粒体起源于内共生事件，始于原始真核生物吞噬祖先的α-变形菌。小生境的建立导致了真核生物的各种适应。在厌氧寄生原生动物中，线粒体通过结合来自需氧线粒体的特征与谱系特异性成分和机制发生了改变；多样化的细胞器类群出现，通常称为线粒体相关细胞器（MRO）。在这篇综述中，我们总结和讨论了寄生原生动物的 MRO 知识的最新进展，特别是代谢功能、对寄生的贡献、动态、蛋白质靶向和新的谱系特异性蛋白质等主题，重点是这些细胞器之间的多样性。
