Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2018 Sep 10;10(9):1277. doi: 10.3390/nu10091277.
Both high fat diet (HFD) and high carbohydrate diet (HCD) modulate brain fatty acids (FA) composition. Notwithstanding, there is a lack of information on time sequence of brain FA deposition either for HFD or HCD. The changes in brain FA composition in mice fed with HFD or HCD for 7, 14, 28, or 56 days were compared with results of 0 (before starting given the diets). mRNA expressions of allograft inflammatory factor 1 (Aif1), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox 2), F4/80, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), integrin subunit alpha m (Itgam), interleukin IL-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured. The HFD group had higher speed of deposition of saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) at the beginning of the experimental period. However, on day 56, the total amount of SFA, MUFA, and PUFA were similar. mRNA expressions of F4/80 and Itgam, markers of microglia infiltration, were increased ( < 0.05) in the brain of the HCD group whereas inflammatory marker index (IMI) was higher (46%) in HFD group. In conclusion, the proportion of fat and carbohydrates in the diet modulates the speed deposition of FA and expression of inflammatory gene markers.
高脂饮食（HFD）和高碳水化合物饮食（HCD）均可调节大脑脂肪酸（FA）组成。然而，关于 HFD 或 HCD 对大脑 FA 沉积的时间顺序，目前信息有限。我们比较了喂食 HFD 或 HCD 7、14、28 或 56 天的小鼠的脑 FA 组成变化，与 0 天（开始喂食前）的结果进行了比较。异体炎性因子 1（Aif1）、环氧化酶 2（Cox 2）、F4/80、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、整合素亚基α m（Itgam）、白细胞介素 IL-1β（IL-1β）、IL-6、IL-10 和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的 mRNA 表达均进行了测量。HFD 组在实验开始时 SFA、MUFA 和 PUFA 的沉积速度较高。然而，在第 56 天，SFA、MUFA 和 PUFA 的总量相似。HCD 组的小胶质细胞浸润标志物 F4/80 和 Itgam 的 mRNA 表达增加（<0.05），而 HFD 组的炎症标志物指数（IMI）更高（46%）。总之，饮食中脂肪和碳水化合物的比例调节 FA 的沉积速度和炎症基因标志物的表达。
