Institute for Preventive Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, St.-Georg-Str. 108, 18055, Rostock, Germany.
Government Safety Organization Foods and Restaurants, German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Foodstuff and Catering Industry, Office of Coordination Potsdam, Eleonore-Prochaska-Str. 11, 14480, Potsdam, Germany.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2019 Jan;92(1):81-91. doi: 10.1007/s00420-018-1357-9. Epub 2018 Sep 10.
Shift work is associated with an impairment of sleep-wake cycles that can affect cardiovascular recovery (CR) negatively. The aim of this study was to examine CR of shift and day workers in the hotel and catering industry (HCI) and identify predictors of CR.
The sample consisted of 64 alternating and 96 day workers in the HCI. Monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) was conducted for 24 hours per working day during work, leisure and sleep. The CR process was examined for differences between work and leisure, work and sleep regarding a reduction in BP and HR. Lifestyle (physical activity, smoking, drinking) was assessed through questionnaires, BP over a four-day, self-assessment period (38% hypertensives). Participants taking BP medication (n = 12) were excluded from analyses.
Shift workers had significantly higher BP (Ø 146/87 vs. Ø 140/84 mmHg; p = 0.034-0.044) and HR (Ø 86 vs. 82 bpm; p = 0.032) during their work phase verses day workers. There were no differences found for the CR between work and leisure nor work and sleep. As predictors of the CR, classic cardiovascular indicators (blood pressure status, smoking, age, physical activity, sex) were found which explains between 14% (HR) and 30% (BP) of the variance. Shift work was not a predictor for CR.
Employees in the HCI show that their CR is mainly determined by the known cardiovascular indicators and less by shift work. This effect needs to be discussed in relation to the job requirements and the cardiovascular health of the employees.
轮班工作会影响睡眠-觉醒周期，从而可能对心血管恢复（CR）产生负面影响。本研究旨在检查酒店和餐饮行业（HCI）中轮班和白班工人的 CR，并确定 CR 的预测因素。
该样本包括 HCI 中的 64 名轮班工人和 96 名白班工人。在工作日期间，每 24 小时监测一次血压（BP）和心率（HR），包括工作、休闲和睡眠期间。通过比较工作和休闲、工作和睡眠期间 BP 和 HR 的降低情况，检查 CR 过程。通过问卷评估生活方式（体力活动、吸烟、饮酒），并在四天的自我评估期内评估 BP（38%的高血压患者）。排除服用 BP 药物的参与者（n=12）。
轮班工人在工作期间的 BP（146/87 与 140/84mmHg；p=0.034-0.044）和 HR（86 与 82bpm；p=0.032）显著高于白班工人。在工作和休闲以及工作和睡眠之间，没有发现 CR 存在差异。作为 CR 的预测因素，经典心血管指标（血压状况、吸烟、年龄、体力活动、性别）被发现，可解释 HR 变异的 14%（HR）和 BP 变异的 30%（BP）。轮班工作不是 CR 的预测因素。
HCI 的员工表明，他们的 CR 主要由已知的心血管指标决定，而轮班工作的影响较小。需要根据工作要求和员工的心血管健康来讨论这种影响。
