1 Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Department of Defense and Department of Veterans Affairs, Bethesda, MD, USA.
2 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
J Dent Res. 2018 Dec;97(13):1416-1423. doi: 10.1177/0022034518798825. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Sex is a biological variable that affects immune responses to bacterial and other types of infectious agents. Males and females are known to have differential oral bacterial disease burden in periodontal and endodontic disease. Understanding that there is a contribution from both sex and gender to these oral diseases, we discuss in this review recent sex-based findings that provide a pathobiological basis for differences observed between males and females. Sexual dimorphism of immune responses with respect to neutrophil trafficking and osteoclast differentiation and formation is presented as a plausible mechanism to explain the sexual differences. We also emphasize that sex, as a biological variable, should be considered in these types of oral immunologic studies.
性别是影响对细菌和其他类型感染因子的免疫反应的生物学变量。已知男性和女性在牙周病和牙髓病中具有不同的口腔细菌疾病负担。鉴于性和性别对这些口腔疾病都有贡献，我们在这篇综述中讨论了最近基于性别的发现，这些发现为男性和女性之间观察到的差异提供了病理生物学基础。免疫反应中与中性粒细胞迁移和破骨细胞分化和形成有关的性别二态性被提出作为解释性别差异的一种可能机制。我们还强调，在这些类型的口腔免疫研究中，应考虑性别作为生物学变量。
