South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2018 Dec;83:162-170. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.026. Epub 2018 Sep 8.
Ammonia is a major aquatic environmental pollutant that negatively impacts shrimp health and commercial productivity. However, we currently do not fully understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of ammonia stress in shrimp. We therefore performed transcriptomic analysis of hepatopancreas from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) treated with ammonia-stress. We obtained 146,410,174 and 115,241,048 clean reads for the control and treatment groups, respectively. A total of 64,475 unigenes with an average length of 1275 bp and a N50 value of 2158 bp were assembled. A comparative transcriptome analysis identified 3462 differentially expressed genes, 177 of which are highly homologous with known proteins in aquatic species. Most of these genes showing the expression changes were related to immune function. Some significantly down-regulated genes are involved in purine metabolism and other metabolic pathways, which suggests that purineolytic capacity is an ammonia detoxification process in P. monodon, and metabolic depression is a strategy to reduce shrimp exposure to ammonia. Additionally, ammonia stress altered the expression patterns of key apoptosis genes (Bcl-xL, PERK, caspase 7, and caspase 10), confirmed that ammonia-stress induce oxidative stress and eventually even apoptosis. We also found evidence for the involvement of antioxidant defense in response to oxidative imbalance, given the regulation of peroxiredoxin 1, SOD, and CAT under ammonia stress. In conclusion, our study clarifies shrimp defensive response to ammonia toxicity and should benefit efforts to breed more ammonia-tolerant varieties.
氨是一种主要的水生环境污染物，会对虾类的健康和商业生产力产生负面影响。然而，我们目前还不完全了解虾类受氨胁迫的潜在分子机制。因此，我们对受氨胁迫处理的黑虎虾（Penaeus monodon）的肝胰腺进行了转录组分析。我们分别获得了对照组和处理组的 146410174 条和 115241048 条清洁reads。共组装了 64475 条平均长度为 1275bp、N50 值为 2158bp 的非冗余基因。比较转录组分析鉴定出 3462 个差异表达基因，其中 177 个与水生动物中已知蛋白具有高度同源性。这些表达发生变化的基因大多数与免疫功能有关。一些显著下调的基因参与嘌呤代谢和其他代谢途径，这表明在 P. monodon 中，嘌呤分解能力是一种氨解毒过程，而代谢抑制是减少虾类暴露于氨的一种策略。此外，氨胁迫改变了关键凋亡基因（Bcl-xL、PERK、caspase 7 和 caspase 10）的表达模式，证实了氨胁迫会诱导氧化应激，甚至凋亡。我们还发现了抗氧化防御系统参与应对氧化失衡的证据，因为过氧化物酶 1、SOD 和 CAT 在氨胁迫下受到了调节。总之，本研究阐明了虾类对氨毒性的防御反应，这将有助于培育更耐氨的品种。
