Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
Testing& Analysis Center, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 11;8(1):13646. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32006-z.
Zearalenone (ZEN) is an estrogen-like mycotoxin occurring in food and feeds, and it can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis in the testis, liver, and kidney. A current concern for researchers is how to reduce the harm it causes to humans and animals. In this study, our aim was to isolate and identify a novel and efficient ZEN-detoxifying strain of bacteria, and we aimed to assess the protective effect of the isolated strain on kidney damage caused by ZEN in mice. Our results indicated that a strain of Bacillus velezensis (B. velezensis), named A2, could completely degrade ZEN (7.45 μg/mL) after three days of incubation at 37 °C in the Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. This fermentation broth of the B. velezensis A2 strain was given to mice. The histopathological analysis indicated that the fermentation broth from the B. velezensis A2 strain reduced the degree of renal injury that is induced by ZEN. Furthermore, it greatly reduced the increase in serum levels of creatinine (CRE), uric acid (UA), and urea nitrogen (BUN) caused by ZEN. In addition, B. velezensis A2 strain also significantly inhibited the increase of malonaldehyde (MDA) content, and reversed the decreases of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities caused by ZEN. Studies have shown that ZEN is involved in the regulation of mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in the ER stress-induced apoptotic pathway, such as heavy chain binding protein (BIP), C-/-EBP homologous protein (CHOP), cysteine Aspartate-specific protease-12 (Caspase-12), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and BCL2-related X protein (Bcl-2 and Bax). However, when mice were administered the fermentation broth of the B. velezensis A2 strain, it significantly reversed the expressions of these genes in their kidney tissue. In conclusion, our results indicate that the newly identified strain of B. velezensis A2, has a protective effect from renal injury induced by ZEN in mice. This strain has a potential application in the detoxification of ZEN in feed and protects animals from ZEN poisoning.
玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）是一种存在于食物和饲料中的类雌激素真菌毒素，可导致睾丸、肝脏和肾脏发生氧化损伤和细胞凋亡。目前研究人员关注的是如何降低其对人类和动物的危害。本研究旨在分离和鉴定一种新型高效的玉米赤霉烯酮解毒细菌菌株，并评估该分离菌株对玉米赤霉烯酮诱导的小鼠肾脏损伤的保护作用。结果表明，在 37℃下，一株名为 B. velezensis（B. velezensis）的蜡状芽孢杆菌（B. velezensis）A2 菌株在 LB 培养基中孵育 3 天后可完全降解 7.45μg/mL 的 ZEN。将该菌株的发酵液给予小鼠。组织病理学分析表明，B. velezensis A2 菌株的发酵液降低了 ZEN 诱导的肾脏损伤程度。此外，它大大降低了 ZEN 引起的血清肌酐（CRE）、尿酸（UA）和尿素氮（BUN）水平的升高。此外，B. velezensis A2 菌株还显著抑制了丙二醛（MDA）含量的增加，并逆转了 ZEN 引起的总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性的降低。研究表明，ZEN 参与了内质网应激诱导的凋亡途径相关基因的 mRNA 和蛋白水平的调节，如重链结合蛋白（BIP）、C/EBP 同源蛋白（CHOP）、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-12（Caspase-12）、c-Jun N-末端激酶（JNK）和 BCL2 相关 X 蛋白（Bcl-2 和 Bax）。然而，当小鼠给予 B. velezensis A2 菌株的发酵液时，它显著逆转了这些基因在肾脏组织中的表达。综上所述，本研究结果表明，新鉴定的 B. velezensis A2 菌株对 ZEN 诱导的小鼠肾脏损伤具有保护作用。该菌株在饲料中 ZEN 的解毒以及保护动物免受 ZEN 中毒方面具有潜在的应用价值。
