Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís, km 235, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2019 Feb;21(1):30-37. doi: 10.1007/s10126-018-9855-z. Epub 2018 Sep 14.
Biomaterial-based bone grafts have an important role in the field of bone tissue engineering. One of the most promising classes of biomaterials is collagen, including the ones from marine biodiversity (in general, called spongin (SPG)). Also, hydroxyapatite (HA) has an important role in stimulating bone metabolism. Therefore, this work investigated the association of HA and SPG composites in order to evaluate their physico-chemical and morphological characteristics and their in vitro biological performance. For this, pre-set composite disks were evaluated by means of mass loss after incubation, pH, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and "in vitro" cell viability. pH measurements showed no statistical difference between groups. Moreover, a higher mass loss was observed for HA/SPG70/30 compared to the other groups for all experimental periods. Moreover, SEM representative micrographs showed the degradation of the samples with and without immersion. FTIR analysis demonstrated the absorption peaks for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), HA, and SPG. A higher L292 cell viability for control and PMMA was observed compared to HA and HA/SPG 90/10. Also, HA/SPG 70/30 showed higher cell viability compared to HA and HA/SPG 90/10 on days 3 and 7 days of culture. Furthermore, HA showed a significant lower MC3T3 cell viability compared to control and HA/SPG 70/30 on day 3 and no significant difference was observed between the composites in the last experimental period. Based on our investigations, it can be concluded that the mentioned composites were successfully obtained, presenting improved biological properties, especially the one mimicking the composition of bone (with 70% of HA and 30% of SPG). Consequently, these data highlight the potential of the introduction of SPG into HA to improve the performance of the graft for bone regeneration applications. Further long-term studies should be carried out to provide additional information concerning the late stages of material degradation and bone healing in the presence of HA/SPG.
基于生物材料的骨移植物在骨组织工程领域具有重要作用。最有前途的生物材料之一是胶原蛋白，包括来自海洋生物多样性的胶原蛋白（通常称为海绵素（SPG））。此外，羟基磷灰石（HA）在刺激骨代谢方面也具有重要作用。因此，本研究调查了 HA 和 SPG 复合材料的结合，以评估它们的物理化学和形态特征及其体外生物性能。为此，通过孵育后的质量损失、pH 值、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和“体外”细胞活力对预设的复合盘进行了评估。pH 值测量显示各组之间无统计学差异。此外，与其他组相比，HA/SPG70/30 在所有实验期内观察到更高的质量损失。此外，SEM 代表性微观照片显示了有和没有浸泡的样品的降解情况。FTIR 分析证明了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）、HA 和 SPG 的吸收峰。与 HA 和 HA/SPG90/10 相比，对照和 PMMA 观察到更高的 L292 细胞活力。此外，在培养的第 3 和第 7 天，HA/SPG70/30 与 HA 和 HA/SPG90/10 相比显示出更高的细胞活力。此外，HA 与对照和 HA/SPG70/30 相比，在第 3 天观察到 MC3T3 细胞活力显著降低，而在最后一个实验期，复合材料之间没有观察到显著差异。基于我们的研究，可以得出结论，成功获得了上述复合材料，具有改善的生物学特性，特别是模仿骨组成的复合材料（含有 70%的 HA 和 30%的 SPG）。因此，这些数据突出了将 SPG 引入 HA 以提高移植物在骨再生应用中的性能的潜力。应进行进一步的长期研究，以提供有关 HA/SPG 存在下材料降解和骨愈合后期阶段的更多信息。
