Department of Biology, Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Department of Biology, Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2019 Jan;29(1):66-79. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.08.004. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
Chromosome segregation during cell division requires a bipolar mitotic spindle. Therefore, how the spindle is formed, maintained, and functions is of fundamental importance for all eukaryotic cells. Members of the evolutionarily conserved kinesin-5 family of motor proteins have been shown to play an essential role in spindle formation by generating forces that establish and maintain spindle bipolarity and contribute to spindle elongation. Recent work demonstrates that accessory proteins and post-translational modifications regulate the localization and activity of kinesin-5 motors in cells. In addition, some kinesin-5 motors can move toward the microtubule plus-or-minus end. This new information provides insight into how these motors function during mitosis.
在细胞分裂过程中，染色体分离需要一个双极有丝分裂纺锤体。因此，纺锤体的形成、维持和功能对于所有真核细胞都至关重要。已经表明，进化上保守的驱动蛋白-5 家族的运动蛋白成员在纺锤体形成中发挥着重要作用，它们产生的力建立并维持纺锤体的双极性，并有助于纺锤体的伸长。最近的工作表明，辅助蛋白和翻译后修饰调节细胞中驱动蛋白-5 马达的定位和活性。此外，一些驱动蛋白-5 马达可以向微管的正端或负端移动。这些新信息提供了关于这些马达在有丝分裂过程中如何发挥作用的见解。
