Wilks C R, House J A
J Hyg (Lond). 1986 Oct;97(2):359-68. doi: 10.1017/s002217240006544x.
To determine the pathogenic potential of the vesiculoviruses Isfahan and Chandipura for domestic animals, two ponies, two steers, three sheep, three goats and three pigs were inoculated with each virus intradermally in the tongue or, in the case of the pigs, in the snout, heel and coronary band. The ponies were also inoculated intradermally in the right commissure of the mouth. Animals inoculated with each virus were housed in one room and allowed to mingle freely with an equal number of uninoculated contact animals of each species. Clinical signs of infection, consisting of ulcers at the inoculation sites, were observed in the Chandipura study in two inoculated ponies, one inoculated steer and one inoculated goat. No elevated temperature was observed. Virus was isolated from the ulcerated tongue tissue, but not from serial blood samples, oesophageal-pharyngeal mucus samples, or from the tissues which were collected at necropsy. Precipitating antibody was not detected by the immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP) test in any of the pre- or post-serum samples except from two inoculated sheep at 29 days post-inoculation (D.P.I.). Low levels of neutralizing activity were detected in pre-inoculation serum from all steers, pigs, contact sheep, and one contact goat. By 15 D.P.I. all inoculated animals and contact ponies and steers exhibited increased neutralizing antibody titres. In studies with the Isfahan virus, lesions developed only at the inoculation sites in the two ponies, and the virus was isolated. No virus was isolated from any blood, oesophageal-pharyngeal mucus samples or tissues collected at necropsy. All pre-inoculation sera were negative for neutralizing and precipitating antibodies. By 14 D.P.I. all inoculated animals exhibited neutralizing antibody, while all the contacts remained negative. The IEOP test remained negative for all animals throughout the experiment. A sub-passage of a suspension of Isfahan-infected tongue tissue injected into ponies and steers also yielded only firm swellings of lesser extent than the original reaction at the inoculation sites. With both viruses, lethal infections were produced by intracranial or intraperitoneal inoculation of day-old mice and hamsters, and by allantoic inoculation of embryonating chicken eggs. Adult mice, hamsters, guinea-pigs and rabbits produced serum antibodies but lacked clinical signs.
为确定伊斯法罕病毒和钱迪普拉病毒对家畜的致病潜力，选用两匹小马、两头公牛、三只绵羊、三只山羊和三头猪，分别在其舌部进行皮内接种（猪则在口鼻部、足跟和冠状带接种），每种病毒各接种一组动物。小马还在右口角进行皮内接种。接种每种病毒的动物饲养在一个房间内，并与同等数量的未接种的同物种接触动物自由混养。在钱迪普拉病毒研究中，观察到两只接种病毒的小马、一头接种病毒的公牛和一头接种病毒的山羊出现了感染的临床症状，表现为接种部位溃疡，但未观察到体温升高。病毒从溃疡的舌组织中分离出来，但未从连续的血液样本、食管 - 咽黏液样本或尸检时采集的组织中分离出来。除了在接种后29天的两只接种病毒的绵羊外，免疫电渗电泳（IEOP）试验在任何预血清或后血清样本中均未检测到沉淀抗体。在所有公牛、猪、接触绵羊和一只接触山羊的预接种血清中检测到低水平的中和活性。到接种后15天，所有接种动物以及接触的小马和公牛的中和抗体滴度均升高。在伊斯法罕病毒研究中，仅在两匹小马的接种部位出现病变，且病毒被分离出来。未从任何血液、食管 - 咽黏液样本或尸检时采集的组织中分离到病毒。所有预接种血清的中和抗体和沉淀抗体均为阴性。到接种后14天，所有接种动物均出现中和抗体，而所有接触动物仍为阴性。在整个实验过程中，所有动物的IEOP试验均为阴性。将感染伊斯法罕病毒的舌组织悬液接种到小马和公牛体内进行传代培养，接种部位仅出现比原反应程度较轻的硬结肿胀。两种病毒通过对新生小鼠和仓鼠进行颅内或腹腔接种，以及对鸡胚进行尿囊接种，均可导致致死性感染。成年小鼠、仓鼠、豚鼠和兔子产生血清抗体，但无临床症状。
