Naylor J M, Forsyth G W
Can J Vet Res. 1986 Oct;50(4):509-16.
The alkalinizing effect of citrate, acetate, propionate, gluconate, L and DL-lactate were compared in healthy neonatal calves. The calves were infused for a 3.5 hour period with 150 mmol/L solutions of the sodium salts of the various bases. Blood pH, base excess, and metabolite concentrations were measured and the responses compared with sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride infusion. D-gluconate and D-lactate had poor alkalinizing abilities and accumulated in blood during infusion suggesting that they are poorly metabolized by the calf. Acetate, L-lactate and propionate had alkalinizing effects similar to bicarbonate, although those of acetate had a slightly better alkalinizing effect than L-lactate. Acetate was more effectively metabolized because blood acetate concentrations were lower than L-lactate concentrations. There was a tendency for a small improvement in metabolism of acetate and lactate with age. Sodium citrate infusion produced signs of hypocalcemia, presumably because it removed ionized calcium from the circulation. D-gluconate, D-lactate and citrate are unsuitable for use as alkalinizing agents in intravenous fluids. Propionate, acetate and L-lactate are all good alkalinizing agents in healthy calves but will not be as effective in situations where tissue metabolism is impaired.
在健康新生犊牛中比较了柠檬酸盐、醋酸盐、丙酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、L-乳酸盐和DL-乳酸盐的碱化作用。给犊牛输注各种碱的钠盐的150 mmol/L溶液，持续3.5小时。测量血液pH值、碱剩余和代谢物浓度，并将反应与输注碳酸氢钠和氯化钠进行比较。D-葡萄糖酸盐和D-乳酸盐的碱化能力较差，在输注过程中在血液中蓄积，这表明犊牛对它们的代谢较差。醋酸盐、L-乳酸盐和丙酸盐的碱化作用与碳酸氢盐相似，尽管醋酸盐的碱化作用略优于L-乳酸盐。醋酸盐代谢更有效，因为血液中醋酸盐浓度低于L-乳酸盐浓度。随着年龄增长，醋酸盐和乳酸盐的代谢有小幅改善的趋势。输注柠檬酸钠出现低钙血症迹象，可能是因为它从循环中去除了离子钙。D-葡萄糖酸盐、D-乳酸盐和柠檬酸盐不适用于静脉输液中的碱化剂。丙酸盐、醋酸盐和L-乳酸盐在健康犊牛中都是良好的碱化剂，但在组织代谢受损的情况下效果不佳。
