a Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery , University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison , Wisconsin , 53705 , USA.
Organogenesis. 2018;14(4):163-168. doi: 10.1080/15476278.2018.1517509. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Diabetes can be treated with β cell replacement therapy, where a patient is transplanted with cadaveric human islets to restore glycemic control. Despite this being an effective treatment, the process of isolating islets from the pancreas requires collagenase digestion which disrupts the islet extracellular matrix (ECM) and activates anoikis-mediated apoptosis. To improve islet survival in culture and after transplantation, the islet microenvironment may be enhanced with the addition of ECM components which are lost during isolation. Furthermore, novel β cell replacement strategies, such as stem cell-derived beta cell (SCβC) treatments or alternative transplant sites and devices, could benefit from a better understanding of how β cells interact with ECM. In this mini-review, we discuss the current understanding of the pancreas and islet ECM composition and review decellularization approaches to generate a native pancreatic ECM scaffold for use in both islet and SCβC culture and transplantation.
糖尿病可以通过β细胞替代疗法治疗，即将异体胰岛移植到患者体内以恢复血糖控制。尽管这是一种有效的治疗方法，但从胰腺中分离胰岛的过程需要胶原酶消化，这会破坏胰岛细胞外基质（ECM）并激活无锚定诱导的细胞凋亡。为了提高胰岛在培养和移植后的存活率，可以通过添加在分离过程中丢失的 ECM 成分来增强胰岛的微环境。此外，新型β细胞替代策略，如干细胞衍生的β细胞（SCβC）治疗或替代移植部位和装置，可以从更好地了解β细胞与 ECM 的相互作用中受益。在这篇迷你综述中，我们讨论了目前对胰腺和胰岛细胞 ECM 组成的理解，并回顾了脱细胞方法，以生成用于胰岛和 SCβC 培养和移植的天然胰腺 ECM 支架。
