Shani-Sherman Tal, Dolgin Michael J, Leibovitch Leah, Mazkereth Ram
Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Department of Neonatology, The Edmond and Lili Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ariel, Israel.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2019 Sep;26(3):339-352. doi: 10.1007/s10880-018-9583-6.
Studies have shown premature birth and infant hospitalization to be associated with increased levels of parental distress. Internal and external psychological resources have been found to mitigate distress among persons coping with stressful medical events. The current study evaluated psychological resources and distress in 87 parents (57 mothers and 30 fathers) to whom an infant was born prematurely and hospitalized in the NICU of a large tertiary medical center. Parents were administered standardized measures of internal (problem-solving skills) and external (total spousal support, adequacy of spousal support) psychological resources and of psychological distress (depression, posttraumatic symptoms, and mood). Findings indicated that higher levels of problem-solving skills and more adequate spousal support, but not total spousal support, were related to lower levels of parental distress. Adequacy of spousal support and parents' problem-solving skills accounted for 18% of the variance in overall mood and 13.8% of the variance in posttraumatic stress symptoms. A significant two-way interaction was found between adequacy of spousal support and problem-solving skills such that individuals with better problem-solving skills reported better overall mood independent of the adequacy of spousal support they receive. However, for individuals with poor problem-solving skills, the adequacy of the spousal support they receive was a significant factor in determining their overall mood. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the accessibility of these resources to assessment and their potential for change via existing intervention approaches.
研究表明，早产和婴儿住院与父母的痛苦程度增加有关。已发现内部和外部心理资源可减轻应对压力性医疗事件的人的痛苦。本研究评估了87名父母（57名母亲和30名父亲）的心理资源和痛苦程度，这些父母的婴儿早产并在一家大型三级医疗中心的新生儿重症监护病房住院。对父母进行了内部（解决问题的能力）和外部（配偶的总体支持、配偶支持的充分性）心理资源以及心理痛苦（抑郁、创伤后症状和情绪）的标准化测量。研究结果表明，较高水平的解决问题能力和更充分的配偶支持（而非配偶的总体支持）与较低水平的父母痛苦有关。配偶支持的充分性和父母解决问题的能力解释了总体情绪差异的18%以及创伤后应激症状差异的13.8%。研究发现配偶支持的充分性和解决问题的能力之间存在显著的双向交互作用，即解决问题能力较好的个体报告的总体情绪较好，与他们所获得的配偶支持的充分性无关。然而，对于解决问题能力较差的个体，他们所获得的配偶支持的充分性是决定其总体情绪的一个重要因素。这些研究结果的理论和临床意义将从这些资源在评估中的可及性以及通过现有干预方法改变的可能性方面进行讨论。
