Li Jia, Zhang Xiaohong, Ye Fei, Cheng Xiaolin, Yu Liping
Department of Nursing, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hebei, China.
School of Nursing, Center for Nurturing Care Research, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jun 19;15:1396042. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1396042. eCollection 2024.
Parenting a preterm infant can be incredibly challenging and stressful, particularly in the first year after discharge. Desirable parental role adaptation leads to appropriate parenting behaviors and parent-infant interaction, which are essential to child health and development.
To investigate the level of parental role adaptation and its influencing factors among parents of preterm infants in the first year after hospital discharge according to Belsky's parenting process model among parents of preterm infants in the first year after hospital discharge.
A cross-sectional study design was adopted using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Parental Role Adaptation Scale (PRAS) in parents with preterm infants, the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Coping Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS-15), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, Spearman correlation analyses, and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data.
In total, 300 Chinese parents were included in the analysis. In the multivariate analysis, first-time parent ( = 0.003), master's degree and above ( = 0.042), coping adaptation processing ( = 0.000), residence location (towns: = 0.019, city: = 0.028), monthly family income (6000-10,000: = 0.000, >10,000: = 0.000), and perceived social support ( = 0.001) were all significant predictors of parental role adaptation and collectively accounted for 56.8% of the variation in parental role adaptation of parents with preterm infants ( = 16.473, < 0.001). Coping adaptation processing mediated the relationship between perceived social support and parental role adaptation (95% bootstrap CI = 0.022, 0.130).
Chinese parents of preterm infants experience a moderate level of parental role adaptation when their child is discharged from the hospital to home. Parents who are not first-time parents, have master's degrees or above, live in towns or cities, have higher coping and adaptation abilities, have high monthly family income, and greater perceived social support have a higher level of parental role adaptation. Healthcare providers should pay more attention to parents with low socioeconomic status and encourage them to improve their coping and adaptation abilities and to utilize their formal and informal social support networks.
养育早产儿极具挑战性且压力巨大，尤其是在出院后的第一年。理想的父母角色适应会带来恰当的养育行为和亲子互动，这对儿童的健康与发展至关重要。
依据贝尔斯基的养育过程模型，调查出院后第一年早产儿父母的父母角色适应水平及其影响因素。
采用便利抽样的横断面研究设计。使用早产儿父母的父母角色适应量表（PRAS）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、应对适应处理量表（CAPS - 15）以及一份社会人口学问卷收集数据。运用描述性统计、非参数检验、Spearman相关分析和多元线性回归对数据进行分析。
总共300名中国父母纳入分析。在多变量分析中，初为人父母者（=0.003）、硕士及以上学历（=0.042）、应对适应处理（=0.000）、居住地点（城镇：=0.019，城市：=0.028）、家庭月收入（6000 - 10000：=0.000，>10000：=0.000）以及领悟社会支持（=0.001）均为父母角色适应的显著预测因素，共同解释了早产儿父母父母角色适应变异的56.8%（=16.473，<0.001）。应对适应处理在领悟社会支持与父母角色适应之间起中介作用（95%自抽样置信区间=0.022，0.130）。
中国早产儿父母在孩子出院回家时经历中等程度的父母角色适应。非初为人父母者、拥有硕士及以上学历、居住在城镇或城市、具备较高应对和适应能力、家庭月收入较高且领悟社会支持较多的父母，其父母角色适应水平较高。医疗服务提供者应更加关注社会经济地位较低的父母，鼓励他们提高应对和适应能力，并利用其正式和非正式的社会支持网络。
