Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences.
Department of Psychology.
J Appl Psychol. 2019 Jan;104(1):52-69. doi: 10.1037/apl0000354. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
This randomized controlled trial involved the development and evaluation of a supervisor support training intervention in the civilian workforce called VSST: Veteran-Supportive Supervisor Training. A theoretically based intervention in the workplace is critical to ensuring a smooth transition for service members and their families to civilian life, leading to improved psychological and physical health and improved work outcomes among service members. Thirty-five organizations were recruited and randomized to the VSST training program or a waitlist control group. Within those organizations, 497 current or former (post 9/11) service member employees were asked to complete baseline and 3- and 9-month follow-up surveys covering work, family, and health domains. The computerized 1-hr training, and the behavior tracking that followed were completed by 928 supervisors from the participating organizations. Intervention training effects were evaluated using an intent-to-treat approach, comparing outcomes for service members who were in organizations assigned to the training group versus those who were in organizations assigned to the control group. Moderation effects revealed the intervention was effective for employees who reported higher levels of supervisor and coworker support at baseline, demonstrating the importance of the organizational context and trainee readiness. The results did not show evidence of direct effects of the intervention on health and work outcomes. Qualitative data from supervisors who took the training also demonstrated the benefits of the training. This study affirms and adds to the literature on the positive effects of organizational programs that train supervisors to provide social support, thereby improving health and work outcomes of employees who receive more support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
这项随机对照试验涉及开发和评估一种名为 VSST（退伍军人支持主管培训）的民用劳动力主管支持培训干预措施。在工作场所进行基于理论的干预对于确保服务人员及其家属顺利过渡到平民生活至关重要，这将导致服务人员的心理和身体健康状况得到改善，并提高工作成果。
35 个组织被招募并随机分配到 VSST 培训计划或候补对照组。在这些组织中，有 497 名现任或前任（9/11 后）服务人员员工被要求完成涵盖工作、家庭和健康领域的基线和 3 个月和 9 个月的随访调查。计算机化的 1 小时培训以及随后的行为跟踪由来自参与组织的 928 名主管完成。干预培训效果采用意向治疗方法进行评估，将在培训组组织中分配的服务人员的结果与在对照组组织中分配的服务人员的结果进行比较。
调节效应表明，对于在基线时报告主管和同事支持水平较高的员工，干预措施是有效的，这表明组织背景和学员准备情况的重要性。结果并未显示干预对健康和工作结果有直接影响的证据。接受培训的主管的定性数据也证明了培训的好处。这项研究证实并补充了关于培训主管提供社会支持的组织计划对改善接受更多支持的员工的健康和工作成果的积极影响的文献。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2018 APA，保留所有权利）。
