Yeshiva University.
Yale University.
Child Dev. 2020 Jan;91(1):e108-e119. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13165. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
Young children view social category members as morally obligated toward one another, and expect these obligations to shape people's social behavior. The present work investigates how children specify which behaviors are constrained by social categories in this way. In two studies (N = 128), 4- and 5-year-old children predicted that morally positive behaviors would be directed toward in-group members, and that morally negative behaviors would be directed toward out-group members, but did not hold equally strong expectations about behaviors described as positive or negative for reasons irrelevant to morality. Thus, notions of morality are embedded within children's representations of social categories, such that when learning about novel moral norms, children immediately expect those obligations to uniquely hold within social groups.
儿童认为社会群体成员彼此之间负有道德义务，并期望这些义务会影响人们的社会行为。本研究旨在探讨儿童如何以这种方式指定哪些行为受到社会类别限制。在两项研究中（N=128），4 至 5 岁的儿童预测道德上积极的行为将指向群体内成员，而道德上消极的行为将指向群体外成员，但对于因与道德无关的原因而被描述为积极或消极的行为，则没有同样强烈的预期。因此，道德观念嵌入在儿童对社会群体的认知中，当他们学习新的道德规范时，他们会立即期望这些义务仅在社会群体中适用。
