Kessler C, Höltke H J
Gene. 1986;47(1):1-153. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(86)90245-3.
The properties and sources of all known restriction endonucleases and methylases are listed. The enzymes are cross-indexed (Table I), classified according to their recognition sequence homologies (Table II), and characterized within Table II by the cleavage and methylation positions, the number of recognition sites on the double-stranded DNA of the bacteriophages lambda, phi X174 and M13mp7, the viruses Ad2 and SV40, the plasmids pBR322 and pBR328, and the microorganisms from which they originate. Other tabulated properties of the restriction endonucleases include relaxed specificities (integrated into Table II), the structure of the generated fragment ends (Table III), and the sensitivity to different kinds of DNA methylation (Table V). In Table IV the conversion of two- and four-base 5'-protruding ends into new recognition sequences is compiled which is obtained by the fill-in reaction with Klenow fragment of the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I or additional nuclease S1 treatment followed by ligation of the modified fragment termini [P3]. Interconversion of restriction sites generates novel cloning sites without the need of linkers. This should improve the flexibility of genetic engineering experiments. Table VI classifies the restriction methylases according to the nature of the methylated base(s) within their recognition sequences. This table also comprises restriction endonucleases which are known to be inhibited or activated by the modified nucleotides. The detailed sequences of those overlapping restriction sites are also included which become resistant to cleavage after the sequential action of corresponding restriction methylases and endonucleases [N11, M21]. By this approach large DNA fragments can be generated which is helpful in the construction of genomic libraries. The data given in both Tables IV and VI allow the design of novel sequence specificities. These procedures complement the creation of universal cleavage specificities applying class IIS enzymes and bivalent DNA adapter molecules [P17, S82].
列出了所有已知限制性内切核酸酶和甲基化酶的特性及来源。这些酶相互交叉索引（表I），根据其识别序列同源性进行分类（表II），并在表II中通过切割和甲基化位置、噬菌体λ、φX174和M13mp7、病毒Ad2和SV40、质粒pBR322和pBR328以及它们所源自的微生物的双链DNA上的识别位点数量来表征。限制性内切核酸酶的其他列表特性包括宽松特异性（纳入表II）、产生的片段末端结构（表III）以及对不同种类DNA甲基化的敏感性（表V）。表IV汇编了通过用大肠杆菌DNA聚合酶I的Klenow片段进行填补反应或额外的核酸酶S1处理，随后连接修饰的片段末端而将两碱基和四碱基5'突出末端转化为新识别序列的情况[P3]。限制位点的相互转化产生了无需连接子的新型克隆位点。这应能提高基因工程实验的灵活性。表VI根据其识别序列内甲基化碱基的性质对限制性甲基化酶进行分类。该表还包括已知会被修饰核苷酸抑制或激活的限制性内切核酸酶。还包括那些重叠限制位点的详细序列，在相应的限制性甲基化酶和内切核酸酶相继作用后，这些位点对切割具有抗性[N11, M21]。通过这种方法可以产生大片段DNA，这有助于构建基因组文库。表IV和表VI中的数据允许设计新的序列特异性。这些方法补充了应用IIS类酶和二价DNA衔接分子来创建通用切割特异性的方法[P17, S82]。
