Ghosh Rituparna, Mana Koushik, Sarkhel Sumana
Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur-721102, West Bengal, India.
Toxicol Rep. 2018 Oct 4;5:988-993. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.004. eCollection 2018.
The primary symptoms associated with snake envenomation are both systemic and local. The local symptoms are characterized by pain, swelling, haemorrhage and myonecrosis at the site of bite. The present study investigates the ameliorating effect of the aqueous bark extract of A bark on viper venom induced histopathological and biochemical changes in liver and kidney of swiss albino mice models.
METHODS & MATERIALS: Swiss albino mice (20 ± 2)g were treated with sublethal doses(0.5 μg and 1 μg) of (VRV) intraperitonially The following groups were assigned in the study-(saline control); (Venom treated-0.5 μg ie ¼ LD50 and 1 μg ie 1/2 LD50) and (Venom-0.5 μg and 1 μg respectively incubated with Aqueous (AAS) extract; 200 mg/kg ) and (Antivenom serum (AVS) (2 mg/ml) followed by 1 μg venom (VRV). The animals were sacrificed and their organs were immersed in Bouin's fixative for 24 h and stained with haematoxylin/eosin and observed under the microscope. The serum samples were collected from the animals and tested for serum Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminases (AST) following the method of Reitman & Frankel(1957) and serum creatinine.
The histological alterations observed in liver sections were mainly pyknosis, karyorrhexis, cytoplasmic vacuolation, necrosis, fatty changes and hepatocytes atrophy. Sinusoidal dilatation, amyloidosis, portal vein thrombosis which was significantly reduced by AAS extract in . A venom dose of 1 μg induced tubular cell acidophilia indicating cell damage, peritubular congestion, degenerating changes in the proximal tubules in the form of cytoplasmic vacuolations, partially destroyed bowman's capillaries with dilated Bowman's space in that was significantly reduced by Aqueous (AAS) (200 mg/kg ) extract in and .AVS gave significant protection against venom induced action in .
The present paper thus highlights the histopathological changes associated with venom and systemic venom neutralization potential of Aqueous (AAS) in animal models.
与蛇咬伤中毒相关的主要症状包括全身症状和局部症状。局部症状的特点是咬伤部位出现疼痛、肿胀、出血和肌坏死。本研究调查了A树皮水提取物对蝰蛇毒诱导的瑞士白化小鼠模型肝脏和肾脏组织病理学及生化变化的改善作用。
对体重（20±2）g的瑞士白化小鼠腹腔注射亚致死剂量（0.5μg和1μg）的（VRV）。研究分为以下几组——（生理盐水对照组）；（毒液处理组——0.5μg即1/4 LD50和1μg即1/2 LD50）以及（毒液——0.5μg和1μg分别与水提取物（AAS）孵育；200mg/kg）和（抗蛇毒血清（AVS）（2mg/ml），随后注射1μg毒液（VRV）。处死动物，将其器官浸入布因氏固定液中24小时，用苏木精/伊红染色，在显微镜下观察。按照Reitman和Frankel（1957年）的方法从动物身上采集血清样本，检测血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）和血清肌酐。
在肝脏切片中观察到的组织学改变主要有核固缩、核碎裂、细胞质空泡化、坏死、脂肪变性和肝细胞萎缩。肝血窦扩张、淀粉样变性、门静脉血栓形成，AAS提取物在……中显著减轻了这些病变。1μg的毒液剂量诱导肾小管细胞嗜酸，表明细胞损伤、肾小管周围充血，近端小管出现以细胞质空泡化为形式的退行性变化，鲍曼氏毛细血管部分破坏，鲍曼氏间隙扩张，在……中，水提取物（AAS）（200mg/kg）显著减轻了这些变化。在……中，AVS对毒液诱导的作用提供了显著保护。
因此，本论文强调了动物模型中与毒液相关的组织病理学变化以及水提取物（AAS）的全身毒液中和潜力。
