Leal Lisiane Freitas, Bertoldi Andrea Dâmaso, Menezes Ana Maria Baptista, Borges Rogério Boff, Mengue Sotero Serrate, Gazzana Marcelo Basso, Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal
Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2018 Oct 11;34(10):e00208217. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00208217.
The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of self-reported chronic respiratory diseases and the indication, access to, and use of medicines, as well as their sources, in the Brazilian adult population. Data were analyzed on adults 20 years and older from the National Survey on Access, Utilization, and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines in Brazil (PNAUM), conducted from September 2013 to February 2014. Prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases was 3% (95%CI: 2.7-3.3). Of these individuals, 58.1% (95%CI: 51.8-64.0) had an indication for pharmacological treatment. Of those with indication for treatment, 77.1% (95%CI: 71.0-82.8) were using at least one of the prescribed drugs. Total access to therapy was 91.4% (95%CI: 79.9-96.6), and more than half of individuals with chronic respiratory diseases purchased at least one of the drugs in retail pharmacies (57.3%). The most frequently reported drug class was the association of a corticosteroid plus a long-acting beta-2 agonist in inhalation form, the most common example of which was the association budesonide/formoterol (20.3%; 95%CI: 16.0-25.4). According to our study, prevalence of self-reported chronic respiratory diseases was lower than in previous studies published on the Brazilian population. Nearly half of the population reporting chronic respiratory diseases did not have an indication for pharmacological treatment. Among those with such indication, approximately one-fourth were not using medications during the study period, and for those who were on medication, although access was high, they had to pay for their medicines.
该研究旨在评估巴西成年人群中自我报告的慢性呼吸道疾病的患病率、药物的适应证、可及性、使用情况及其来源。对2013年9月至2014年2月进行的巴西全国药品合理使用获取、利用与推广调查（PNAUM）中20岁及以上成年人的数据进行了分析。慢性呼吸道疾病的患病率为3%（95%置信区间：2.7 - 3.3）。在这些个体中，58.1%（95%置信区间：51.8 - 64.0）有药物治疗的适应证。在有治疗适应证的人群中，77.1%（95%置信区间：71.0 - 82.8）正在使用至少一种处方药。总的治疗可及性为91.4%（95%置信区间：79.9 - 96.6），超过一半的慢性呼吸道疾病患者在零售药店购买了至少一种药物（57.3%）。最常报告的药物类别是吸入剂型的皮质类固醇加长效β2激动剂的联合用药，最常见的例子是布地奈德/福莫特罗联合用药（20.3%；95%置信区间：16.0 - 25.4）。根据我们的研究，自我报告的慢性呼吸道疾病患病率低于此前发表的关于巴西人群的研究。近一半报告患有慢性呼吸道疾病的人群没有药物治疗的适应证。在有此类适应证的人群中，约四分之一在研究期间未使用药物，而对于正在用药的人群，尽管可及性较高，但他们必须自行支付药费。
