Department of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology, and Internal Intensive Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
J Cell Mol Med. 2019 Jan;23(1):39-46. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13936. Epub 2018 Oct 23.
Coronary artery stenting following balloon angioplasty represents the gold standard in revascularization of coronary artery stenoses. However, stent deployment as well as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) alone causes severe injury of vascular endothelium. The damaged endothelium is intrinsically repaired by locally derived endothelial cells and by circulating endothelial progenitor cells from the blood, leading to re-population of the denuded regions within several weeks to months. However, the process of re-endothelialization is often incomplete or dysfunctional, promoting in-stent thrombosis and restenosis. The molecular and biomechanical mechanisms that influence the process of re-endothelialization in stented segments are incompletely understood. Once the endothelium is restored, endothelial function might still be impaired. Several strategies have been followed to improve endothelial function after coronary stenting. In this review, the effects of stenting on coronary endothelium are outlined and current and future strategies to improve endothelial function after stent deployment are discussed.
球囊血管成形术后的冠状动脉支架置入术是冠状动脉狭窄血运重建的金标准。然而,支架置入术和单纯经皮腔内冠状动脉血管成形术(PTCA)都会导致严重的血管内皮损伤。受损的内皮细胞通过局部来源的内皮细胞和来自血液的循环内皮祖细胞进行内在修复,导致在数周到数月内重新填充裸露区域。然而,再内皮化的过程往往是不完全或功能失调的,促进支架内血栓形成和再狭窄。影响支架段再内皮化过程的分子和生物力学机制尚不完全清楚。一旦内皮细胞得到恢复,内皮功能仍可能受损。已经采用了几种策略来改善冠状动脉支架置入术后的内皮功能。在这篇综述中,概述了支架置入术对冠状动脉内皮的影响,并讨论了目前和未来改善支架置入术后内皮功能的策略。