Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Immunol. 2018 Oct 2;9:2171. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02171. eCollection 2018.
Neutrophils are main players in the effector phase of the host defense against micro-organisms and have a major role in the innate immune response. Neutrophils show phenotypic heterogeneity and functional flexibility, which highlight their importance in regulation of immune function. However, neutrophils can play a dual role and besides their antimicrobial function, deregulation of neutrophils and their hyperactivity can lead to tissue damage in severe inflammation or trauma. Neutrophils also have an important role in the modulation of the immune system in response to severe injury and trauma. In this review we will provide an overview of the current understanding of neutrophil subpopulations and their function during and post-infection and discuss the possible mechanisms of immune modulation by neutrophils in severe inflammation.
中性粒细胞是宿主防御微生物的效应阶段的主要参与者，在先天免疫反应中起主要作用。中性粒细胞表现出表型异质性和功能灵活性，这突出了它们在调节免疫功能中的重要性。然而，中性粒细胞可以发挥双重作用，除了其抗菌功能外，中性粒细胞的失调和过度活跃会导致严重炎症或创伤中的组织损伤。中性粒细胞在对严重损伤和创伤的免疫系统调节中也具有重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们将概述当前对中性粒细胞亚群及其在感染期间和之后的功能的理解，并讨论中性粒细胞在严重炎症中免疫调节的可能机制。
