Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
L'Axe médecine régénératrice, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1078:347-370. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_18.
Electrical phenomenon is ubiquitous in any biological system. However, most synthetic biomaterials are insulators to either electrical or ionic current. To mimic the electrical and ionic conductivities of natural tissues, electrically conductive polymers have been studied and are becoming a new class of biomaterials. This chapter focuses on polypyrrole, one of the most widely investigated synthetic and intrinsically conductive polymers. Polypyrrole is a heterocyclic polymer that is both electrically conductive and ionically active. It can be easily synthesized through electrochemical polymerization or oxidative polymerization. Because of its unique properties, polypyrrole has been studied for sensing, drug delivery, and actuation. Because of its good biocompatibility, it has been used to interface electrical elements and tissues, either for recording or stimulation purpose. Polypyrrole can also be chemically modified to carry functional groups and biomolecules, allowing both specific biological recognition and electrical stimulation. This chapter also discusses a unique soft polypyrrole membrane that can be easily used as biomaterials. Hopefully, the readers of this chapter would appreciate the importance of electrical conductivity for biomaterials and the usefulness of polypyrrole.
电现象在任何生物系统中都普遍存在。然而，大多数合成生物材料对于电流或离子电流都是绝缘体。为了模拟天然组织的导电性和离子导电性，已经研究了导电聚合物，并成为一类新的生物材料。本章重点介绍聚吡咯，这是研究最广泛的合成和本征导电聚合物之一。聚吡咯是一种杂环聚合物，具有导电性和离子活性。它可以通过电化学聚合或氧化聚合来轻松合成。由于其独特的性质，聚吡咯已被用于传感、药物输送和致动研究。由于其良好的生物相容性，它已被用于将电气元件和组织连接起来，用于记录或刺激目的。聚吡咯也可以进行化学修饰，以携带功能基团和生物分子，从而实现特定的生物识别和电刺激。本章还讨论了一种独特的软聚吡咯膜，它可以很容易地用作生物材料。希望本章的读者能够认识到电导率对于生物材料的重要性以及聚吡咯的有用性。
