Bridger J C
Ciba Found Symp. 1987;128:5-23. doi: 10.1002/9780470513460.ch2.
Novel (non-group A) rotaviruses have many of the morphological, biochemical and biological properties described originally for group A rotaviruses but they do not share the same group antigens. By negative-stain electron microscopy, novel rotaviruses have the characteristic rotavirus morphology, although with some novel rotaviruses the characteristic single- and double-shelled particles may not be readily apparent. Comparison of novel rotaviruses in serological tests has revealed the existence of at least six rotavirus serogroups, A to F, with the original rotaviruses belonging to group A. As with group A rotaviruses, viruses from different animal species, including man, can belong to the same serogroup. A further point of difference between novel and group A rotaviruses is their genome profiles, which lack the triplet of segments in the 7-8-9 region of group A rotaviruses. This is a useful diagnostic aid. Novel rotaviruses have been found in farm animals and man. They can cause enteritis experimentally and infect villus enterocytes. In chickens, turkeys, lambs and pigs the viruses and/or antibody to them are commonly found, in association with either clinical or subclinical infection. In humans one type of novel virus has emerged as a cause of severe diarrhoeal disease in adults. The possible reasons for the relatively recent discovery of the novel rotaviruses are discussed.
新型（非A组）轮状病毒具有许多最初描述的A组轮状病毒的形态、生化和生物学特性，但它们不具有相同的群抗原。通过负染色电子显微镜观察，新型轮状病毒具有典型的轮状病毒形态，尽管对于一些新型轮状病毒，典型的单层和双层颗粒可能不那么容易显现。在血清学检测中对新型轮状病毒进行比较发现，至少存在六个轮状病毒血清群，从A到F，最初的轮状病毒属于A组。与A组轮状病毒一样，来自不同动物物种（包括人类）的病毒可以属于同一血清群。新型轮状病毒与A组轮状病毒的另一个区别在于它们的基因组图谱，其在A组轮状病毒的7-8-9区域缺乏三段片段。这是一种有用的诊断辅助手段。新型轮状病毒已在农场动物和人类中发现。它们可在实验中引起肠炎并感染绒毛肠上皮细胞。在鸡、火鸡、羔羊和猪中，通常会发现病毒和/或针对它们的抗体，与临床或亚临床感染有关。在人类中，一种新型病毒已成为成人严重腹泻疾病的病因。文中讨论了新型轮状病毒相对较新才被发现的可能原因。
